Erythrocytes serve as reservoirs for cis- and trans-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Incubation of rat red blood cells (RBCs) with cis- and trans-EETs produces threo- and erythro-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, respectively. The V(max) of EET hydrolysis by rat intact RBCs (2.35 +/- 0.24 pmol/min/10(8) RBCs for 14,15-trans-EET) decreased by approximately 2 to 3-fold sequentially from 14,15-, 11,...

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are vasodilator, natriuretic, and antiinflammatory lipid mediators. Both cis- and trans-EETs are stored in phospholipids and in red blood cells (RBCs) in the circulation; the maximal velocity (V(max)) of trans-EET hydrolysis by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is threefold that of cis-EETs. Because RBCs of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) exhibit increase...

Vasodilatory factors produced by the endothelium are critical for the maintenance of normal blood pressure and flow. We hypothesized that endothelial signals are transduced to underlying vascular smooth muscle by vanilloid transient receptor potential (TRPV) channels. TRPV4 message was detected in RNA from cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. In patch-clamp experiments using freshly isolated ce...

Adenosine, astrocyte metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have been implicated in neurovascular coupling. Although A(2A) and A(2B) receptors mediate cerebral vasodilation to adenosine, the role of each receptor in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to neural activation remains to be fully elucidated. In addition, adenosine can amplify astrocyte cal...

Over the last 5 to 8 years, researchers have begun to appreciate the prominent role played by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in the regulation of vascular tone, homeostasis, and blood pressure. For example, interfering with CYP genes markedly affects blood pressure in mice,1 and numerous reports have demonstrated that CYP expression is altered in genetic and experimental models of hypertension (...

Previous studies from this and other laboratories have shown that angiotensin II (AII) induces [Ca2+]i transients in proximal tubular epithelium independent of phospholipase C. AII also stimulates formation of 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET) from arachidonic acid by a cytochrome P450 epoxygenase and decreases Na+ transport in the same concentration range. Because 5,6-EET mimics AII with ...

BACKGROUND Autologous engineered skin substitutes comprised of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and biopolymers can serve as an adjunctive treatment for excised burns. However, engineered skin lacks a vascular plexus at the time of grafting, leading to slower vascularization and reduced rates of engraftment compared with autograft. Hypothetically, vascularization of engineered skin grafts can be imp...

Trajectory-pooled Deep-learning Descriptors have been the state-of-the-art feature descriptors for human action recognition in video on many datasets. This paper improves their performance by applying the proposed eigen-evolution pooling to each trajectory, encoding the temporal evolution of deep learning features computed along the trajectory. This leads to Eigen-Evolution Trajectory (EET) des...

Introduction: The lunar meteorites have been valuable sources for understanding the evolution of the Moon's crust, because each meteorite could potentially provide a new insight into the thermal history of unexplored regions of the Moon. In spite of their scientific interests, chronological studies of Very-Low-Ti (VLT) basaltic meteorites have not be well understood, since the most VLT basalt m...