This report details the case of a 76-year old woman who was found dead at her home in a pool of blood after suffering leg injury by her pet cat. A claw was found on her trauma. Veterinary examination verified that the claw belonged to her cat. Macroscopic and microscopic findings confirmed that the victim was suffering from varicose veins in the lower limbs. Though the death scene suggested tha...

BACKGROUND Clinical assessment and prognostic stratification of primary varicose veins have remained controversial and the molecular pathogenesis is unknown. Previous data have suggested a contribution of the MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) polymorphism c.677C>T. METHODS We collected blood and vein specimens from 159 consecutive patients undergoing varicose vein surgery, or autolo...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a mediator with demonstrated protective effects for the cardiovascular system. On the other hand, prostaglandin (PG)E2 is involved in vascular wall remodeling by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities. We tested the hypothesis that endogenous H2S may modulate PGE2, MMP-1 activity and endogenous tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP-1/-2). This regulatory pathwa...

The objective of the study is to evaluate a range of potential risk factors in the etiology of varicose veins with superficial venous reflux. Forty-nine patients attending a cardiovascular surgery clinic for the management of varicose disease between 2009 and 2010 were enrolled for the study. The age range of the patient group was 44,04 ± 15,05 years and female/male (F/M) ratio was 30/19. Twent...

Varicose veins are usually found on legs, but they also can be found in the vulva. Although, they are often considered as a cosmetic problem, they can lead to complications that results in lost time from work and lost wages. Treatment options include conservative, endovenous or interventional or surgical treatments. Because of rich vulvar vascular network, surgical procedures for vulvar varicos...

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital mesodermal abnormality characterized by varicose veins, cutaneous hemangiomas, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy of limb. Potential complications such as deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism have not been reported in Korea to date. We demonstrate the case of a 48-year-old woman with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with extensive varicose...

Venous ulcers are usually large, shallow, painless and situated around the medial or lateral malleoli. They are associated with other signs of venous hypertension such as varicose veins, varicose eczema, haemosiderin pigmentation, atrophie blanche and venous flare. Oedema of the lower leg may be present and chronic venous stasis can lead to warty hyperplasia of the skin or thickening of the sub...

Venous ulcers are usually large, shallow, painless and situated around the medial or lateral malleoli. They are associated with other signs of venous hypertension such as varicose veins, varicose eczema, haemosiderin pigmentation, atrophie blanche and venous flare. Oedema of the lower leg may be present and chronic venous stasis can lead to warty hyperplasia of the skin or thickening of the sub...

Although superficial thrombophlebitis is a common disorder until recently it was considered as benign disorder. Also it is associated with varicose vein at legs and it was treated effectively with conservative methods, walking and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Aims of our investigation were: determine frequency of clinically silent deep vein thrombosis at legs in patient with and without...

BACKGROUND Varicose veins are among the most common ailments of the affluent nations. Primarily it is considered to be caused by valvular dysfunctions, but it may be secondary to other pathologies. This study was conducted to evaluate the unusual secondary causes of varicose veins. METHODS This case-series was conducted at department of vascular surgery Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi f...