1) Ecosystem indicators are a way of reducing ecosystem complexity into a form that is most informative and useful to management. As a means of turning data into information, indicators are ultimately a communication tool facilitating science-based governance, i.e. the sustainable use of WCPO tuna resources and the conservation of associated species. 2) One framework suggested for the developme...

Understanding the relationships between ecosystem services is important for promoting ecosystem service management and sustainable development. The relationships between ecosystem services have commonly been characterized as tradeoffs and synergies. Here, we report that a third type of relationship also exists, in which one ecosystem service constrains the other. Selecting the grassland and agr...

Ecosystem services have been identified as a central link between society, or human systems, and the structure and function of natural systems (e.g., U.S. LTER 2007, MEA 2005). A fundamental economic problem is that while almost everyone—environmental groups, policy makers, and broad segments of the general public—seems to believe ecosystem services are valuable, the available public policy too...

Global environmental change affects the sustained provision of a wide set of ecosystem services. Although the delivery of ecosystem services is strongly affected by abiotic drivers and direct land use effects, it is also modulated by the functional diversity of biological communities (the value, range, and relative abundance of functional traits in a given ecosystem). The focus of this article ...

Contemporary digital ecosystems are characterized by their generativity, where third-party developers primarily drive innovations. However, the underlying generative architecture of a digital ecosystem is not well known. In this study, we draw on a network biology approach to explore the architectural pattern of how individual software modules in a digital ecosystem interact with one another to...

Recent work with microbial communities has demonstrated an adaptive response to artificial selection at the level of the ecosystem. The reasons for this response and the level at which adaptation occurs are unclear: does selection act implicitly on traits of individual species, or are higher-level traits genuinely being selected? If the ecosystem response is just the additive combination of the...

Achieving the policy and practice shifts needed to secure ecosystem services is hampered by the inherent complexities of ecosystem services and their management. Methods for the participatory production and exchange of knowledge offer an avenue to navigate this complexity together with the beneficiaries and managers of ecosystem services. We develop and apply a knowledge coproduction approach b...

As in many western countries, Denmark’s demographic changes and the organizational and financial changes of the Danish healthcare are challenging the levels of provided healthcare and point towards the establishment of telemedicine as means of patient support, diagnosis, and treatment. However, telemedical solutions, despite the benefits they provide, are faced with a number of challenges that ...

Ecosystem services are necessary, yet not sufficient for human well-being (however defined). Insufficient access to the ecosystem provisioning service of food is a particularly important factor in the loss of human well-being, but all ecosystem services contribute in some way to well-being. Although perhaps long obvious to ecologists, the links between ecosystems and aspects of human well-being...

Catchment and riparian degradation has resulted in declining ecosystem health of streams worldwide. With restoration a priority in many regions, there is an increasing interest in the scale at which land use influences stream ecosystem health. Our goal was to use a substantial data set collected as part of a monitoring program (the Southeast Queensland, Australia, Ecological Health Monitoring P...