With decreasing of fresh water availability via population growth, collection and re-use of urban runoff as a non-drinking water source was suggested for the development of the cities located in dry area. But, non-point polluting sources in urban areas should affect the quality of urban runoff . A direct relationship was observed between rainfall characteristics and the amount of contaminants i...

in this thesis, phosphorus ylides [phbppy], [no2bppy] and [brbppy] have been synthesized through the formation of phosphonium salt and dihydrogenation, followed by the reaction of pd(oac)2 and the orthopalladated dinuclear complexes [pd(?-cl)(phbppy)]2, [pd(?-cl)(no2bppy)]2 and [pd(?-cl)(brbppy)]2 have been produced. the reaction of dinuclear complexes and bidentate ligands [l = bipy (2,2-bipyr...

With regard to importance of investment as an engine of economic growth many economists such as Wicksel, Keynse and Harrod believe that investment is the main source of business cycles. Hence this study specifies investment function according to a basic macroeconomic model such as Ramsey model. Application of Ramsey model can help to extend macroeconomics with micro foundations in economy of I...

heteropoly acids (hpa) and their salts have advantages as catalysts which make them both economically and environmentally attractive, strong br?nsted acidity, exhibiting fast reversible multi-electron redox transformations under rather mild conditions, very high solubility in polar solvents, fairly high thermal stability in the solid states, and efficient oxidizing ability, so that they are imp...

the present research was an attempt to see how quranic lexical collocations were translated into english by two professional translators namely, abdullah yusuf(2005), and muhammad s. shakir(2012). the study attempted qualitatively to shed light on how translators dealt with quranic lexical collocations when transferring them to the target language based on the newmark(1988) model , and quantit...

while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

Introduction Tourism is one of the most dynamic economic activities of the present era which plays an important role in the sustainable development of the cities. From one side tourism acts in certain spatial pattern foundations. One of these urban tourism spatial patterns that could be considered as the key element in the sustainable urban development. Tourism is combined of numerous factors...

foreign policy takes root from complicated matters. however, this issue may be more truth about armenia. although the new government of armenia is less than 20 years, people of this territory are the first ones who officially accepted christianity. in very past times, these people were a part of great emperors like iran, rome, and byzantium.armenia is regarded as a nation with a privileged hist...