Although constitutionalism movements have their roots in the efforts to limit power of European monarchies beginning with Magna Carta, modern sense is product global political and social conditions created by French Revolution 1789. In 19th century, when empires struggled for Europe economic crises shook world, appeared as a solution these crises. this context, addition constitutional revolutio...

Background Breastfeeding supplies all the nutrients that infants need for their healthy development. Breastfeeding practice is multifactorial, and numerous variables influence mothers' decisions and ability to breastfeed. This review identifies the factors potentially affecting the timely initiation of breastfeeding within an hour after birth and exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months in...

The Geoffroy’s bat, Myotis emarginatus, is the only species distributed in Palaearctic belonging to African clade of genus Myotis. It occurs extensively across several ecologic zones Europe, north-western Africa, and western central Asia, hence it was considered be a polytypic species. Only one subspecies reported from Europe North up four were recognised Asia. However, validity particular taxa...

Estimating evapotranspiration (ET), the main water output flux within basins, is an important step in assessing hydrological changes and availability. However, direct measurements of ET are challenging, especially for large regions. Global products now provide gridded estimates at different temporal resolution, each with its own method estimating based on various data sources. This study invest...

Human health and subsistence have always been, directly indirectly, affected by climate change events. Although the general trend of temperature in Late Holocene has been toward cooling, due to growing population intense human activities over past 150 years, global risen. To mitigate change, widespread use renewable energy reduction fossil fuel utilization are feasible solutions. The largest so...

In the beginning of 2nd millennium BC, tradition burial mounds defined as kurgan tombs emerged on frontiers Transcaucasia and Northwest Iran, known plateaus Eastern Anatolia Region. Contrary to emergence these tombs, most settlements in region vanished. Political motivations may be reason for such a change, or claimed, people have left plains started animal husbandry due climate instabilities. ...

Thirteen species of rugose corals, belonging to nine genera are described from the Givetian and Lower Frasnian rocks of theKhoshyeilagh Formation in the Eastern Alborz Mountains (northeastern Iran). Glossophyllum ceratites (Goldfuss), Glossophyllum sp.,Keriophyllum cf. maillieuxi (Tsien), Pseudozaphrentis sp., Temnophyllum imperfectum Coen-Aubert, Temnophyllum occidentale Hilland Jell, Temnophy...

gerbillus nanus is a highly polytypic species exhibiting considerable geographical variation, both in external and cranial characters. in the present study, specimens were collected from different localities in the northeastern, eastern, central and southern iran. the values for external end cranial measurements have been given. the specimens present the existence of two different morphotypes o...

Egypt and Turkey makeup about half of the whole population Middle East are two leading nations in eastern Mediterranean, including Iran as a whole. Both countries now recognized most tremendous modern military forces East. Besides, Cairo Ankara major Muslim centers: Al-Azhar Mosque is largest Islamic University world significant feature Egyptian soft power; historical association between last C...