RECENT economic developments have aroused substantial interest in the treatment in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the cost of shelter for homeowners.' From December 1977, when the latest version of the CPI was introduced, until December 1980, the all-items CPI increased at an average annual rate of 11.6%, while the homeownership component increased at an average annual rate of 16.2%. Relativ...

This article reviews recent publications that add to the debate about gender and human settlements. Urban development is ultimately shaped by gender assumptions and by the way in which each sex experiences the urban environment; gender-blind urban planning can be overcome by reaching a greater understanding of women's economic and social roles (and the limitations imposed on them) in urban soc...

Treeshelters are widely used to protect tree seedlings against animal browsing or rubbing. They reduce the tree transpiration as a result of the low ventilation rate of the shelter. Photosynthesis is impeded by low levels of available CO2 due to poor gas exchange with the outside. We assess the impact of ventilating a treeshelter on the microclimate, on the transpiration and on the photosynthes...

Three dog shelters in Rio Grande do Sul were investigated for associations between the occurrence of respiratory viruses and shelter environmental conditions. Nasal secretions randomly collected during the cold season were tested via PCR, and this data collection was followed by nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons. In shelter #1 (poor sanitary and nutritional conditions, high animal density ...

The purpose of this study was to review medical inquiry rates for intimate partner violence (IPV). A review was carried out of year 2003 intake documentation at an IPV shelter. We reviewed self-reported 1) medical inquiry about partner abuse, 2) physician awareness of IPV, and 3) helpfulness of physician contact for women who sought care from either a primary care provider or an emergency medic...

Nearly two decades of political, economic and social upheavals in Bulgaria directly conditiones the profound changes in the TV system and the trends of its development. Currently the number of the registered TV broadcasters in the country exceeds 100 (among them four with national terrestrial coverage). Bulgarian children spend on the average three hours a day watching television. However, the ...

Problem: At present, homelessness in the United States is primarily addressed by providing emergency and transitional shelter facilities. These programs do not directly address the causes of homelessness, and residents are exposed to victimization and trauma during stays. We need an alternative that is more humane, as well as more efficient and effective at achieving outcomes. Purpose: This art...

Animal aggregations can occur for a variety of abiotic factors, such as resource limitation, or biotic factors, including group foraging and protection from predators. In our study, we examined whether time, sex, body size or shelter availability affected aggregation behavior of the maritime earwig, Anisolabis maritima (Order Dermaptera), an insect found globally at high densities under driftwo...

OBJECTIVE Few studies have examined medical comorbidity among middle-aged and older homeless people with schizophrenia. This study compared the number of physical health problems and receipt of physical health care services among older homeless people with schizophrenia and those with major depression. METHODS The study was conducted at St. Vincent de Paul Village, a homeless shelter in San D...

The objective of this study is to describe the understanding that sheltered female adolescents have regarding motherhood and analyze their experience of this process from their perspective, for the purpose of identifying a support structure for young sheltered mothers. This exploratory and qualitative study was performed at two municipal shelters in Rio de Janeiro. The data were collected throu...