Infection of cells by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) results in the rapid inhibition of host cell protein synthesis. This process is accompanied by the early cleavage of the translation initiation factor eIF4G, a component of the cap-binding complex eIF4F. This cleavage is mediated by the leader (L) protease. Subsequently, as the virus proteins accumulate, secondary cleavages of eIF4G occu...

The expression of the tight junction peripheral membrane protein, cingulin (140 x 10(3) M(r), was investigated in mouse eggs and staged preimplantation embryos by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Polyclonal antibody to chicken brush cingulin detected a single 140 x 10(3) M(r) protein in immunoblots of unfertilised eggs and all preimplantation stages. Relative protein levels were high in ...

Considerable evidence indicates that the first phenotypical diversification of embryonic cells during mammalian preimplantation development is achieved in two successive steps: (i) generation of cell asymmetry and (ii) unequal cell division. This paper shows that ultrastructural signs of blastomere surface regionalization in human preimplantation embryos are evident as early as the 2-cell stage...

As an early stage of plant transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the Ti plasmid is nicked at the border sequences that delimit the T-DNA. Cleavage results in covalent attachment of VirD2 to the 5' terminal of the nicked strand by a process resembling initiation of DNA transfer that occurs in the donor cell during bacterial conjugation. We demonstrate that this cleavage can be reproduced ...

The MLL gene located at 11q23 is frequently disrupted by chromosomal translocation in a wide spectrum of newly diagnosed acute leukemias. Recently, it has become apparent that the MLL gene is very frequently disrupted by chromosomal translocations in patients with secondary leukemias associated with chemotherapeutic regimens incorporating topoisomerase II inhibitors. These secondary leukemias a...

Entry of mammalian reovirus virions into target cells requires proteolytic processing of surface protein sigma3. In the virion, sigma3 mostly covers the membrane-penetration protein mu1, appearing to keep it in an inactive form and to prevent it from interacting with the cellular membrane until the proper time in infection. The molecular mechanism by which sigma3 maintains mu1 in this inactive ...

Necrosis and apoptosis differentially contribute to myocardial injury. Determination of the contribution of these processes in ischemia-reperfusion injury would allow for the preservation of myocardial tissue. Necrosis and apoptosis were investigated in Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts (n = 47) subjected to 0 (Control group), 5 (GI-5), 10 (GI-10), 15 (GI-15), 20 (GI-20), 25 (GI-25), and 30 mi...

Birds and mammals, phylogenetically close amniotes with similar post-gastrula development, exhibit little conservation in their post-fertilization cleavage patterns. Data from the mouse suggest that cellular morphogenesis and molecular signaling at the cleavage stage play important roles in lineage specification at later (blastula and gastrula) stages. Very little is known, however, about cleav...

Birds andmammals, phylogenetically close amniotes with similar postgastrula development, exhibit little conservation in their post-fertilization cleavage patterns. Data from the mouse suggest that cellular morphogenesis and molecular signaling at the cleavage stage play important roles in lineage specification at later (blastula and gastrula) stages. Very little is known, however, about cleavag...