BACKGROUND Muscle mechanical work is likely affected by gait abnormalities in hemiparetic walking during the paretic pre-swing phase (i.e., double support phase preceding paretic toe-off). Previous experimental studies suggest that muscle work may be decreased in the paretic leg, but paretic work may have been underestimated since experimental approaches based on net joint moments do not accoun...

BACKGROUND Childhood adversity is associated with significantly increased risk of psychiatric disorder. To date, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of children have mainly focused on institutionalisation and investigated conscious processing of affect. AIMS To investigate neural response to pre-attentively presented affect cues in a community sample of children with document...

The aim of this study was to examine sludge granulation during the anaerobic treatment of pre-hydrolysed municipal wastewater. The pretreated wastewater had a total chemical oxygen demand (CODt) of 432 ± 20 mg/l, a soluble COD (CODs) of 259 ± 8 mg/l, volatile fatty acids (VFA) of 101 ± 9 mg/l and suspended solids (SS) of 94 ± 12 mg/l. Prior to entering the digester, the influent was supplemente...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine whether a pre-training program influences the entire learning process and overall proficiency of colonoscopy during fellowship. METHODS From March 2011 to February 2013, a total of 28 first-year gastrointestinal fellows were trained in colonoscopy at a single tertiary center. Before entering their fellowship training, all fellows were bo...

the present study was conducted to compare the effect of individual and group pre-task planning on efl learners’ accuracy and complexity in speaking. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 60 intermediate female learners at the first grade of high school were chosen by means of a sample preliminary english test (pet) and randomly divided into two experimental groups of 30 students; the individual...

background: this work investigated the dosimetry limitations of the random and systematic uncertainties of sliding window (sw) intensity modulated radiation therapy (imrt). materials and methods: a varian 21ex linear accelerator, pinnacle3 treatment planning system and radiographic film dosimetry was used. the limitations of the sw were studied using beam modulation ranging from 2 to 100 mu/bea...

We have developed a sensor to measure the glass transition temperature (T,) of photoresist during its pre-exposure bake. During prebake, the resist must reach this temperature in order for significant solvent evaporation to occur. To determine T, we measured the change in phase of a high frequency pulse as it was reflected from the interface between an 8” silicon wafer and a photoresist film. T...

Previous magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies have revealed gamma-band activity at sensors over parietal and fronto-temporal cortex during the delay phase of auditory spatial and non-spatial match-to-sample tasks, respectively. While this activity was interpreted as reflecting the memory maintenance of sound features, we noted that task-related activation differences might have been present alr...

The paper proposes a new approach for tackling the uncertainty and imprecision of the reasoning process while using decision support tools during prenegotiations. The pre-negotiation problem is regarded as decision making under uncertainty, based on multiple criteria of quantitative and qualitative nature, where the imprecise decision-maker’s judgments are represented as fuzzy numbers. A new fu...