background: hydatidosis, as the most important zoonotic parasitic disease in iran, has posed many health and economic losses. this study was conducted to investigate the demographic characteristics of hydatid cyst surgeries in hospitals of east azerbaijan province, northwest of iran. methods: demographic characteristics of all patients with hydatid cyst surgery in hospitals of the province, dur...

background: staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen. due to high prevalence of s. aureus infections and increasing resistance to antibiotics, physicians have been facing problems in choosing the appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for such infections. objectives: the aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in s. aureus clinical isolates of mashhad qu...

In situ growth rates of interstitial ciliates of a sandy hyporheic zone were determined by a modification of the dilution technique. Preconditioned sediment was used as a dilution substrate. Field incubation was conducted in the upper 3 cm sediment layer; samples were taken on 3 days (Days 0, 21 and 35) in October to November 2002. Mean growth rates varied between 0.070 d–1 (Pleuronema spp.) an...

background : hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections are major global public health problems. this study was conducted to investigate the incidence rate of these infections over six successive years in hamadan province, the west of iran. methods: this retrospective cohort study was conducted on the database of hepatitis registry. in this study, 1257 subjects infected by h...

objective: htlv-1 and htlv-2 are widespread worldwide and endemic in several areas such as northeastern iran. the present survey aimed to determine the prevalence of htlv-1 and htlv-2 among healthy individuals in neyshabour city during the years of 2010-2014. methods: a total of 8054 blood samples were collected from participants referred to the great medical diagnostic laboratory in neyshabur,...

Climatic conditions may have affected the incidence of influenza during the pandemic of 2009 as well as at other times. This study evaluated the effects of climatic conditions on influenza incidence in Okinawa, a subtropical region in Japan, during the 2009 pandemic using surveillance data from rapid antigen test (RAT) results. Weekly RAT results performed in four acute care hospitals in th...

INTRODUCTION Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes disease and death among nonsmokers. With a plethora of smoke-free legislation implemented and a steady decrease in cigarette consumption noted over the past decade in the U.S., this study assessed trends in indoor SHS exposure among U.S. adolescents in grades 6-12 during 2000-2009. METHODS Data were obtained from the 2000-2009 National Youth...