Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is recognized as the reference method to measure bone mineral density (BMD) with acceptable accuracy errors and good precision and reproducibility. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established DXA as the best densitometric technique for assessing BMD in postmenopausal women and based the definitions of osteopenia and osteoporosis on its results. DXA...

Epidemiological evidence of an inverse association between consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and obesity has been conflicting, even though studies in animal models of obesity and limited human trials suggest that LC n-3 PUFA consumption may contribute to weight loss. We used baseline data from a convenience sample of 476 adults (291 women, 185 men) part...

characterized by low bone mass, bone deterioration, and decreased bone strength resulting in bone fragility and increased fracture risk.1 Osteoporosis increasingly is being recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in older men. Approximately 2 million men in the United States have osteoporosis,2 and 1.5 million of these men are over the age of 65 years.3 The risk of osteoporo...

I. S. Masad, Y-M. Park, S-R. Lee, J. M. Wilson, P. C. Henning, B. H. Arjmandi, S. C. Grant, and J-S. Kim Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, National High Magnetic field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States

Methods Of the initial 84 women and their offspring who participated in the RCT, follow-up data were available on 46 mothers (26 exercisers, 20 controls) and 46 children. At each follow-up visit (6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 4 years, 6-8 years) clinical assessment included measurement of mothers’ and children’s heights, weights, BMI, and waist circumference, as well as blood pressure. Body compos...

The strength of bone is related to its mass and geometry, but also to the physical properties of the tissue itself. Bone tissue is composed primarily of collagen and mineral, each of which changes with age, and each of which can be affected by pharmaceutical treatments designed to prevent or reverse the loss of bone. With age, there is a decrease in collagen content, which is associated with an...

Introduction: In patients with low initial bone mass, alendronate treatment causes small increases in DXA derived areal bone mineral density (BMD) and large decreases in fracture incidence. An increase in bone balance (the difference between bone formed and that resorbed per remodeling cycle) is often cited as the primary cause of increased BMD in clinical trials. Although some evidence exists ...

Methods 137 subjects aged 25 to 62 years were recruited across a range of BMI (17 to 50 kg/m) as part of a study examining the relationship between obesity and musculoskeletal health. Disabling foot pain was determined from the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) and was defined as current foot pain and pain in the last month, as well as recording at least one disability item on t...

Methods Subjects (n=125) were internationally competitive. Between 2011-2014 BMD was taken at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and left femur, by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Lunar Prodigy, GE Healthcare), using the same scanner, and a qualified technician. Ethics was approved by the Australian Institute of Sport Human Ethics committee. Subjects gave prior written informed consent. Descriptiv...