BACKGROUND Gout is a chronic rheumatic disease that can have serious sequelae, including persistent pain, nerve compression, joint destruction and deformities if left untreated. Febuxostat, initially introduced in the United States in 2009, was the first new treatment option for gout in over 40 years. With the introduction of a new drug into a therapeutic class that is composed of generically a...

BACKGROUND: While increases in prescription drug spending have moderated in recent years, drug spending is still a concern among managed care organizations and health plan administrators. In order to minimize cost increases from year to year, many health care plans have shifted more of the cost of medications to the member-consumer. Coinsurance, a benefit design in which the patient pays a perc...

gamma-scintigraphy is applied extensively in the development and evaluation of pharmaceutical delivery systems, particularly for monitoring formulations in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. the radiolabelling is generally achieved by the incorporation of an appropriate radionuclide such as technetium-99m or indium-111 into the formulation or by addition of a non-radioactive isotope s...

Due to the ubiquitous use of the Internet and huge proliferation of network devices, the energy consumed by today’s networks has increased significantly, implying the need for designing and operating green networks. In this paper, we propose a power-efficient Quality of Service (QoS) routing scheme for multiple many-to-many multicast requests with given static traffic demands in green multi-gra...