During running in a natural environment, humans must routinely negotiate varied and unpredictable changes in ground level. To prevent a fall, changes in ground level, especially those that are invisible, require a quick response of the movement system within a short time. For 11 subjects we investigated two consecutive contacts during running across visible (drop of 0, 5 and 10 cm) and camoufla...

Building pounding occurs between two adjacent buildings with small gap or without sufficient separation distance. It leads to damage buildings during earthquake due to impact. Many researchers have investigated building pounding based on impact force reduction and energy dissipation increase, when two buildings collide with each other. In numerical investigations, using specific link element, i...

This paper deals with delay fault simulation of logic circuits in the context of IR-drop induced delay. An original algorithm is proposed allowing to perform a per-cycle delay simulation of the logic Block Under Test (BUT) while taking into account the whole chip IR-drop impact on the simulated block. The simulation is based on a realistic resistive model of the Power Distribution Network (PDN)...

BACKGROUND Bone must have sufficient strength to withstand both instantaneous forces and lower repetitive forces. Repetitive loading, especially when bone strain and/or strain rates are high, can create microdamage and result in stress fracture AIM To measure in vivo strains and strain rates in human tibia during high impact and moderate impact exercises. METHODS Three strain gauged bone st...

Ackermann et al. (1975) described the subsurface structure of Meteor Crater and identified a fractured rock zone extending to about 1 km deep. The depth of the fractured/damage zone can be used to extract information about the impact cratering process. We impacted rock samples (San Marcos gabbro) in the laboratory and imaged the damage structure using both dicing and tomography methods. We prop...

Victims of minimal traumatic brain injury (mTBI) do not show clear morphological brain defects, but frequently suffer lasting cognitive deficits, emotional difficulties and behavioral disturbances. In the present study we adopted a non-invasive closed-head weight-drop mouse model to produce mTBI. We examined the effects of 20, 25, or 30 g weight drop 7, 30, 60 and 90 days following injury on mi...

OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major brain injury type commonly caused by traffic accidents, falls, violence, or sports injuries. To obtain mechanistic insights about TBI, experimental animal models such as weight-drop-induced TBI in rats have been developed to mimic closed-head injury in humans. However, the relationship between the mechanical impact level and neurological severit...