Fluoride (F ̄) concentration over and above the permissible limits (1.5 mg/l) in drinking water leads to human health hazards, such as dental and skeletal fluorosis affecting millions of people in many parts of India. Preliminary investigations indicate that severe health disorders have been identified in parts of the Kachnarwa region, which is in the upper Panda river basin, Sonbhadra District,...

The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of fluoride in urine of 1240 children (635 boys, 605 girls), aged 7-14, living in Gdańsk, Poland, and to examine whether a correlation exists between age and gender, school location, and fluoride level in the urine. Urinary F was determined with a fluoride ion specific electrode. The mean urinary F concentration in children attending two ...

Fluoride is a threat to the environment and human health. Developed and developing countries are facing so many problems due to presence of fluoride in the drinking water. Human exposure to fluoride has mushroomed since World War II, due to not only fluoridated water and toothpaste but to the environmental pollution by major industries, from aluminum to pesticides, where fluoride is a critical ...

Address correspondence to: Barbara F. Gooch, DMD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Oral Health, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, MS F-80, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717; tel. 770-488-6054; fax 770-488-6080; e-mail . Through this final recommendation, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) updates and repl...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to systematically review prevalence of dental caries at different water fluoride levels and emphasize fluoride concentration of drinking water and prevalence of dental caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive study was conducted using PubMed database. Inclusion criteria were predefined and some articles fulfilled these criteria. Study validity w...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this communication is to disseminate scientific and technical information for early diagnosis of Fluorosis; recent developments in care and management of patients of Fluorosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Body fluids collected from patients suspected of Fluorosis referred by hospitals, samples of drinking water used by them are the materials that have been investigated. F...

Fluoride is one of the most abundant constituents occurring in the groundwater in many parts of the world, posing a potential threat to human health. The permissible limit of fluoride concentration in drinking water is 1.5mg/L according to WHO guidelines. In India, 25 million people in 19 states and union territories have already been affected and another 66 million are at risk, including 6 mil...

Water quality studies often include the analytical challenge of incorporating censored data and quantifying error of estimation. Many analytical methods exist for estimating distribution parameters when censored data are present. This paper presents a Bayesian-based hierarchical model for estimating the national distribution of the mean concentrations of chemicals in US public drinking water sy...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to classify brands of bottled water by manufacturer assigned labeling to verify the concentration of fluoride for those brands that claim to contain fluoride, and to determine the existence and concentration of fluoride for those brands that do not cite fluoride or list it as undetermined on the product label. METHODS A convenience sample of bottled drink...