Populations of Bacillus subtilis spores in which 90 to 99.9% of the spores had been killed by moist heat gave only two fractions on equilibrium density gradient centrifugation: a fraction comprised of less dense spores that had lost their dipicolinic acid (DPA), undergone significant protein denaturation, and were all dead and a fraction with the same higher density as that of unheated spores. ...

Low dose detection of g radiation remains critical for radiology therapy and nuclear security. We report herein on a novel dual-band fluorescence sensor system based on a molecule, 4-(1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (PI-DPA), which can be dissolved into halogenated solvents to enable expedient detection of g radiation. The limit of detection was projected down to 0.006 G...

The organic nonlinear optical crystal of Diphenylamine(DPA) has been successfully grown by slow evaporation technique. Functional groups of the Diphenylamine(DPA) were confirmed by FTIR. The optical transmittance of DPA recognized by UV-Vis-NIR studies and the lower cutoff wavelength of the single crystal and thus it could be perfomed as NLO material. The NLO property of the DPA crystal has bee...

Short exposures of Bacillus spores to nutrient germinants can commit spores to germinate when germinants are removed or their binding to the spores' nutrient germinant receptors (GRs) is inhibited. Bacillus subtilis spores were exposed to germinants for various periods, followed by germinant removal to prevent further commitment. Release of spore dipicolinic acid (DPA) was then measured by diff...

Many of the recent eye-catching advances in zincate executed metallation chemistry have centered on the secondary monoamide 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (TMP). Developed by Kondo, Uchiyama, and co-workers, the original TMP zincate reagent [LiZn(TMP)tBu2] is an effective base for both aromatic and heteroaromatic substrates. Knochel and coworkers have since compiled a library of new TMP-based me...

BACKGROUND Whereas dietary intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids has been associated with risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), few studies have examined the relation for blood concentrations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effect of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in blood on the risk of nonfatal MI. DESIGN Baseline blood samples were collected from 32 826 participants of the Nurse...

The homogeneous dephasing times, T2 , were obtained for the nonpolar chromophore diphenyl acetylene ~DPA! dissolved in the room temperature nonpolar solvents 2-methyl pentane ~2MP! and cyclohexane. The dephasing times were determined by comparing the pulse duration dependent resonant enhancement of the total two pulse four wave mixing signal to a numerically evaluated theory. Data was taken wit...

Clostridial spore germination requires degradation of the spore's peptidoglycan (PG) cortex by cortex-lytic enzymes (CLEs), and two Clostridium perfringens CLEs, SleC and SleM, degrade cortex PG in vitro. We now find that only SleC is essential for cortex hydrolysis and viability of C. perfringens spores. C. perfringens sleC spores did not germinate completely with nutrients, KCl, or a 1:1 chel...

Gold nanoparticles immobilized on gold surfaces (AuNPs/Au) function as an excellent SERS substrate for the detection of bacteria biomarkers. The possibility of the reactivity of bacteria biomarkers on such a nanoparticle-based substrate poses complications for the spectroscopic identification and quantification. This report describes new findings of an investigation of the SERS characteristics ...

Considerable research supports cardiovascular benefits of consuming omega-3 PUFA, also known as (n-3) PUFA, from fish or fish oil. Whether individual long-chain (n-3) PUFA have shared or complementary effects is not well established. We reviewed evidence for dietary and endogenous sources and cardiovascular effects on biologic pathways, physiologic risk factors, and clinical endpoints of EPA [2...