The life cycle of many dinoflagellates includes at least one nonflagellated benthic stage (cyst). In the literature, the different types of dinoflagellate cysts are mainly defined based on morphological (number and type of layers in the cell wall) and functional (long- or short-term endurance) differences. These characteristics were initially thought to clearly distinguish pellicle (thin-walled...

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the radial breathing mode (RBM) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) subjected to axial pressure is presented based on an elastic continuum model. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are described as an individual elastic shell and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) are considered to be two shells coupled through the van der Waals force. The effects of ax...

The electronic properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) depend on the positions of their walls with respect to neighboring shells. This fact can enable several applications of MWCNTs as nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). In this article, we report the findings of a first-principles study on the stability and dynamics of point defects in double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) an...

This paper employs an atomic-scale finite element method AFEM to study the postbuckling behavior of carbon nanotubes CNTs . The computed energy curves and critical strain for the 8, 0 single-walled CNT SWNT agree well with atomistic simulations. The AFEM is very fast and versatile owing to the efficiency of the finite element method. For the SWNT, the strain energy curves have obvious jumps at ...

Supercapacitor (SC) is an energy storage technology that bridges the gap between conventional capacitors and rechargeable batteries. Emerging nano-architectured carbon–metal oxide composites are promising for electrode designs for supercapacitors due to their unique strategy utilizing electrochemical double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudo-capacitance together in single cell to optimize the ...

This paper employs the atomic-scale finite element method (AFEM) to study critical strain of axial buckling for carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Brenner et al. “secondgeneration” empirical potential is used to model covalent bonds among atoms. The computed energy curve and critical strain for (8, 0) single-walled CNT (SWNT) agree well with molecular dynamics simulations. Both local and global buckling ...

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) are potential candidates for new generation of on chip interconnections due to their nearly metallic behaviour. For such large scale integration purpose it is mandatory to characterize their electrical properties in a statistical way. We thus propose a new methodology for characterizing in one step, the electrical properties of a large population of nanotu...

This paper investigates axial compression process of multi-layered tubes with circular cross-section under the axial loading in the quasi-static condition using experimental method. Some specimens are prepared in seven different groups, namely; empty carbon/epoxy composite tubes, solid carbon/epoxy composite rods, empty copper tubes, composite tubes with silicon sealant filler, concentrically s...

Diverse fungi live all or part of their life cycle inside plants as asymptomatic endophytes. While endophytic fungi are increasingly recognized as significant components of plant fitness, it is unclear how they interact with plant cells; why they occur throughout the fungal kingdom; and why they are associated with most fungal lifestyles. Here we evaluate the diversity of endophytic fungi that ...

In this work, it has been investigated the Monkeypox disease which occurs in both humans and animals by infection with a double-stranded DNA virus having symptoms consisting of fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pains like flu. Tecovirimat drug can be applied prohibition monkeypox through adsorbing onto surface single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) as delivery method due to direct electron transf...