background: in vivo dosimetry is a method for estimation of overall error in the delivered dose to the patients at the end of radiotherapy process. in this research, two methods for target dose calculation were evaluated on midline and central axis of photon beams in in vivo dosimetry of thorax fields. materials and methods: entrance and exit doses for anterior and lateral fields of thorax were...

Pharmacokinetics of cefepime was studied after single dose intravenous administration at the dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight in calves. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at predetermined time intervals before and after drug administration. Serum was harvested and analysed for cefepime concentration by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Following intravenous...

Introduction: Skin dose and depth dose distribution of some beta sources that can contaminate skin or protective clothing covering the skin have been calculated using VARSKIN2. Materials and Methods: In this research, absorbed dose to skin and depth dose from the skin surface have been calculated for 90Sr/90Y, 147Pm, 32P beta emitter radioisotopes by using input parameters: activity of source, ...

The gamma dose comparison tool has been used by numerous investigators to quantitatively compare multidimensional dose distributions. The gamma tool requires the specification of dose and distance-to-agreement (DTA) criteria for acceptable variations between the dose distributions. The tool then provides a comparison that simultaneously evaluates the dose difference and distance to agreement of...

introduction: esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in iran and having a  high  incidence  rate  among  other  countries.  radiotherapy  is  one  of  the  three  methods  (surgery,  radiotherapy and chemotherapy) for radical or palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. in this method  of treatment, the organs such as heart and spinal cord are regarded as organs at r...

introduction radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. therefore, entrance skin dose (esd), body organ dose (bod), and effective dose (ed) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (pa) and thorax right lateral (rlat) were estimated in uni...

background: changes in body composition may be used for monitoring progression/ regression of a disease. prompt γ-rays in vivo neutron activation analysis (ivnaa) has been widely used for the measurement of body composition in recent years. objective: in this paper, we tried to improve the safety of ivnaa operator. methods: the most important factor for reducing the operator receiving dose is t...

The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) was proposed to make BB84 completely free from any side-channel in detectors. Like in prepare & measure QKD, the use of other protocols in MDI setting would be advantageous in some practical situations. In this paper, we consider SARG04 protocol in MDI setting. The prepare & measure SARG04 is proven to be able to generate a k...