We report clear experimental evidence for the charge manipulation of molecules encapsulated inside single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using electrochemical doping techniques. We encapsulated β-carotene (Car) inside SWCNTs and clarified electrochemical doping characteristics of their Raman spectra. C=C streching modes of encapsulated Car and a G band of SWCNTs showed clearly different doping ...

The effect of Fe doping ~,20%! on the Mn site in the ferromagnetic ~x50.37! and the antiferromagnetic ~x50.53! phases of La12xCaxMnO3 has been studied. The same ionic radii of Fe 31 and Mn cause no structure change in either series, yet conduction and ferromagnetism have been consistently suppressed by Fe doping. Colossal magnetoresistance has been shifted to lower temperatures, and in some cas...

We present an experimental investigation of the effect of kinetic energy on the ion doping efficiency of superfluid helium droplets using cesium cations from a thermionic emission source. The kinetic energy of Cs(+) is controlled by the bias voltage of a collection grid collinearly arranged with the droplet beam. Efficient doping from ions with kinetic energies from 20 eV up to 480 V has been o...

Nitride-based device structures for electronic and optoelectronic applications usually incorporate layers of AlxGa1-xN, and nand p-type doping of these alloys is typically required. Experimental results indicate that doping efficiencies in AlxGa1-xN are lower than in GaN. We address the cause of these doping difficulties, based on results from first-principles densityfunctional-pseudopotential ...

Article history: Received 29 May 2015 Received in revised form 21 June 2015 Accepted 23 June 2015 Available online xxxx Superjunction (SJ) MOSFETs with low on-resistance and high sustain voltage are widely used as main switching power devices. For the p/n-pillars of SJ-power devices, precise doping at low-doping region below 10 cm concentrations is required, and thus high-sensitivity 2D-carrier...

Doping is one of the most serious problems for athletes, and it is important that pharmacists have more interaction with athletes to ensure safer drug usage. Education is one of the most important roles of sports pharmacists, who are specialists regarding drug usage for athletes. We investigated pharmacy students' interests and comprehension regarding drug usage, doping and supplement intake by...

Zn doped GaN nanowires with different doping levels (0, <1 at%, and 3-5 at%) have been synthesized through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The effect of Zn doping on the defect evolution, including stacking fault, dislocation, twin boundary and phase boundary, has been systematically investigated by transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations. Undoped GaN nanow...

The sport nutrition and doping are known to be important issues in sports, but there is evident lack of studies which investigated those issues in swimming, especially with regard to parallel analysis of coaches and athletes. The first aim of this study was to compare knowledge of swimming coaches and their athletes about nutrition and doping. Also, we have identified interrelationships between...