We identify a new category of natural hydrothermal sys tems i n t ermed i at e between liquidand vapor-dominated. This category is characterized by a "vapliq" vertical pressure profile, which is nearly vaporstatic in the shallower portion of the system, and nearly boiling-point-for-depth at depth. The prototype of these systems is the geothermal field of Los Azufres, Mexico. To explore the ther...

A large proportion of nutrients and sediment is mobilised in catchments during storm events. Therefore understanding a catchment's hydrological behaviour during storms and how this acts to mobilise and transport nutrients and sediment to nearby watercourses is extremely important for effective catchment management. The expansion of available in-situ sensors is allowing a wider range of water qu...

The transport phenomenon in many engineering applications is dominated by multi-component diffusion. Examples include low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, mass transport in gas diffusion layers in fuel cells, and transport of chemicals in biomedical devices. With increasing interest in small-scale devices, diffusion dominated (i.e., low Peclet number) transport is likely to become more impor...

Most of the biological processes in living systems involve molecular adsorption and transport at biomembranes. It is highly desired to study the time-resolved transport kinetics through living cell membranes. In this thesis, an experimental means based on a nonlinear optical phenomenon, Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) has been demonstrated to detect the molecular adsorption and transport throu...

1. The relation between the physiological pattern of ocular dominance and the anatomical distribution of geniculocortical afferents serving each eye was studied in layer IV of the primary visual cortex of normal and monocularly deprived cats. 2. One eye was injected with radioactive label. After allowing sufficient time for transeuronal transport, micro-electrode recordings were made, and the g...

Mechanisms that control the longitudinal transport of larvae and juveniles in nursery grounds such as estuaries are reported for some species. However, behaviour population consequences these mechanisms still uncertain. In this study, we tested selective tidal-stream from along-channel (up- downstream) cross-channel (from one margin to other) perspectives two kinds fish: estuarine-resident gobi...

We develop the analysis of stabilized sparse tensor-product finite element methods for high-dimensional, non-self-adjoint and possibly degenerate second-order partial differential equations of the form −a : ∇∇u + b · ∇u + cu = f(x), x ∈ Ω = (0, 1) ⊂ R, where a ∈ Rd×d is a symmetric positive semidefinite matrix, using piecewise polynomials of degree p ≥ 1. Our convergence analysis is based on ne...

The decay of the diocotron rotation was studied in a new regime in which trap asymmetries dominate. Decay within a few diocotron periods was observed, sometimes orders of magnitude faster than predicted by the traditional "rotational pumping" theory. The decay does not conserve angular momentum, and is strongest for small, low-density columns. The new regime appears when "magnetron-like" rotati...

One of the challenges for model prediction and validation is providing them with data of appropriate spatial and temporal resolution. The maturation and increased application of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in aquatic environments allows systematic data collection on these model-relevant scales. The goal of this study was to apply a fine-scale circulation and transport model (Delft3D) ...