Process-based certification standards such as IEC 61508 and DO178B are often criticised for being highly prescriptive and impeding the adoption of new and novel methods and techniques. Rather than arguing safety based on compliance with a prescribed and fixed process, product-based certification standards require the submission of a well structured and reasoned safety case. Ideally, the safety ...

The efficiency–accuracy trade-off of approximate-computing spans a diverse array of techniques at both the hardware and software levels. While this diversity is key to the success of approximation research, it also entails considerable complexity in developing and validating new approximation techniques. To overcome this complexity and foster innovation in research, we propose REACT, a modeling...

We study optimal contracting under imperfect commitment in a model with an uninformed principal and an informed agent. The principal can commit to pay the agent for his advice but retains decision-making authority. Under an optimal contract, the principal should (a) never induce the agent to fully reveal what he knows— even though this is feasible— and (b) never pay the agent for imprecise info...

In this paper so-called discrete loops are described which narrow the gap between general loops (e.g. while-or repeat-loops) and for-loops. Although discrete loops can be used for applications that would otherwise require general loops, discrete loops are known to complete in any case. Furthermore it is possible to determine the number of iterations of a discrete loop, while this is trivial to ...

This research is part of an educational framework for analyzing teaching practices. It attempts to understand teachers’ practices in physical education. For this matter, it relies on the theoretical framework of didactic joint action. Using “ordinary didactics” Schubauer-Leoni & Leutenegger, (2002), as a method of observation, we describe the teaching practices of two non-specialized teachers d...

Calcium Score Use in Isolation in Acute Chest Pain Setting – Is it Sufficient? Tiago Augusto Magalhães,1,2 Marcio Sommer Bittencourt,3,4 Carlos Eduardo Rochitte2,5 Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná (CHC-UFPR),1 Curitiba, PR; Hospital do Coração – Associação Sanatório Sírio – HCor/SP;2 Hospital Universitário e Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP) – Uni...

Nurses are often obliged to work in a 12-hr shift work system. We have decided to check whether such a working system constitutes an excessive load for nurses. On the basis of a questionnaire survey among nurses working in an 8-hr daytime shift system (169 nurses) and in a 12-hr shift (536 nurses), the amount of physical workload, work stress, and after-work activities were compared. Data analy...

Software tools in safety related projects are indispensable, but also introduce risks. A tool error may lead to the injection or non-detection of a fault in the product. For this reason the safety norm for road vehicles, ISO 26262, requires determination of a tool confidence level for each software tool. In this paper we present a model-based approach to represent a tool chain, its potential er...