ATTENTION was first called to the diurnal changes of ocular tension by Maslenikow (1904). The aetiology of this physiological phenomenon is controversial. Kollner (1918) associated it with the arterial system, assuming that a sudden rise or fall in blood-pressure causes a corresponding change in ocular tension. But the diurnal variation of ocular tension cannot be related to blood-pressure, bec...

Thirty one children with asthma were given 40 micrograms of ipratropium bromide and identical placebo by inhalation three times a day in a double blind, randomised crossover study to test the ability of an anticholinergic drug to modify the diurnal variation in airway calibre and bronchial reactivity. Subjects measured peak expiratory flow rate approximately eight hourly, before and after inhal...

Among elderly hypertensive subjects, extreme dippers with marked nocturnal fall in blood pressure (BP) as well as nondippers with absent nocturnal fall in BP are more prone to cerebrovascular disease when compared with those with appropriate nocturnal BP fall. However, the relationship between these abnormal diurnal BP variation patterns and postural BP variation has not been investigated. We i...

Depression disturbs mood, but a clear picture of diurnal mood rhythms in depression has yet to emerge. This study examined variations in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), two dimensions of mood that generate diurnal patterns among healthy individuals. Repeated measurements of NA and PA in daily life were obtained over 6 days from 47 depressed outpatients and 39 healthy individuals ...

The simulations of summertime diurnal cycle of precipitation and low-level winds by the Community Atmosphere Model, version 5, are evaluated over subtropical East Asia. The evaluation reveals the physical cause of the observed diurnal rainfall variation in East Asia and points to the source of model strengths and weaknesses. Two model versions with horizontal resolutions of 2.88 and 0.58 are us...

To investigate the diurnal variations of the ocular blood flow in healthy eyes using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), and to determine the relationship of the diurnal variations between the ocular blood flow and other ocular parameters.This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Nagoya University Hospital. We studied 13 healthy volunteers whose mean age was 33.5 ± 7.6 years. The mea...

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) makes hourly measurements of river discharge every day at thousands of stream-gauge stations across the United States. Regular patterns of diurnal variation have been observed in hundreds of these rivers, many of which are primary water sources for cities, industries, and agriculture. Diurnal cycles are evident in many river records (Figure 1, Merced R...