The Lambek calculus L provides a foundation for categorial grammar in the form of a logic of concatenation. But natural language is characterized by dependencies which may also be dis-continuous. In this paper we introduce the displacement calculus D, a generalization of Lambek calculus, which preserves the good proof-theoretic properties of the latter while embracing dis-continuiity and subsum...

Cargo-bearing Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have tremendous potential to assist humans in food, medicine, and supply deliveries. For time-critical cargo delivery tasks, UAVs need to be able to navigate their environments and deliver suspended payloads with bounded load displacement. As a constraint balancing task for joint UAV-suspended load system dynamics, this task poses a challenge. This ...

The most common elbow fractures that are seen in children are the supracondylar fractures of the humerus that can be managed by both operative and non-operative modalities [1]. Whether a supracondylar fracture can be managed operatively depends on fracture stability, the degree of displacement and the ability to control displacement through traction [2,3]. Operative management is managed initia...

Introduction For various therapeutic applications, focused ultrasound (FUS) is used in either thermal mode or in mechanical mode. Mechanical mode FUS has been used for temporary blood brain barrier disruption and for targeted drug delivery. Monitoring of such treatments remains a technical challenge since there should be no significant temperature increase in the focal spot, unlike in case of t...

during the past decades, attempts have been made to develop an early warning system for coming destructive earthquakes a few seconds before the ongoing ground motion. in this paper, a practical method for the early warning of earthquakes in south iran is presented. this region is selected for study because it has high potential for generating earthquakes and has a more complete strong ground mo...

We use optical tweezers to directly measure the intermolecular forces acting on a single polymer imposed by surrounding entangled polymers (115 kbp DNA, 1 mg/ml). A tubelike confining field was measured in accord with the key assumption of reptation models. A time-dependent harmonic potential opposed transverse displacement, in accord with recent simulation findings. A tube radius of 0.8 microm...

In this paper, we have addressed the design and simulation results of an electrothermally driven micromirror that is capable of producing in-plane as well as out-ofplane displacements. The coupled multiphysics simulation and study of the electrical, thermal and most importantly the mechanical behavior of the mirror system is done using COMSOL Multiphysics. The device has an in-plane displacemen...

Root growth potential (RGP) measurement can be time­ consuming and tedious, especially when seedlings have fibrous root systems. A volume-displacement technique involving suspending seedling roots and shoots in a clear plastic tube allows rapid estimation of the volume of plant parts while minimizing gravimetric errors. The technique was tested in three experiments examining (1) the repeat­ abi...

An exposure-response relationship has been shown between muscle fatigue and its effects on keystroke durations. Since keystroke durations can readily be measured by software programs, the method has the potential as a non-invasive exposure assessment tool. However, the software based keystroke durations may be affected by keyswitch force-displacement characteristics. Thus, this study used a for...