Inverse displacement mapping is a variant of displacement mapping which does not actually perturb the geometry of the surface being mapped. It is thus a true texture mapping technique which can be applied during rendering without breaking viewing pipeline discipline. The method works by first projecting probing rays into texture space and solving for a ray-texture intersection there. Shadows ca...

Relatively little work has been done with pyridoxine displacers. Ott (1) found 2,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethylpyridoxine (desoxypyridoxine) to be a very potent inhibitor of pyridoxine in the metabolism of the chick. 2 molecules of inhibitor were sufficient to offset the vitamin activity of 1 molecule of pyridoxine. In the course of an investigation of antimalarials, McCasland et al. (2) ...

In this paper, we introduce a real-time algorithm to render the rich visual effects of general non-height-field geometric details, known as mesostructure. Our method is based on a five-dimensional generalized displacement map (GDM) that represents the distance of solid mesostructure along any ray cast from any point within a volumetric sample. With this GDM information, we propose a technique t...

Existing precision displacement-measuring devices are primarily based on linear encoders (optical or magnetic) or laser interferometers. Most encoders use grating scales and frequency counters, while most interferometers use stabilized lasers and fringe counters. In general, interferometers are more expensive and more accurate than linear encoders. However, there are large gaps in price and per...

paper chromatography is an analytical technique for separating and identifying mixtures of materials. it is a useful technique since it is relatively quick, and requires small quantities of the material. by emergence of nanotechnology, paper chromatography has found many applications in biology and biotechnology. in this study, we employed gold and silver nanoparticles to detect protein bands a...

the use of immunoglobulin y (igy) instead of polyclonal antibodies prepared in mammals has been reported recently. these antibodies are found to have better properties in terms of specificity and ease of large scale production. in this study, proteins from egg yolk were extracted with acid and chloroform. the result of cellulose acetate electrophoresis at ph 9 showed some extra bands which were...

background: in this study we have prepared the iga solution from normal human plasma using plasma fractionation and ion exchange chromatography. materials and methods: using fractionation of plasma with cold ethanol (starting with 8% ethanol), fraction iii was prepared as a suitable source for iga preparation. then it was treated with caprylic acid for separation of impurities. for enrichment o...

The aim of our study was to find symptomatic diagnostic factors for sideways displacement of the temporomandibular joint disc, compared with anterior or rotational disc displacement. A consecutive series of 2310 temporomandibular joints were examined with MRI to define the clinical signs and symptoms particularly related to sideways disc displacement compared to anterior disc displacement with ...

Character displacement is the process by which traits evolve in response to selection to lessen resource competition or reproductive interactions between species. Although character displacement has long been viewed as an important mechanism for enabling closely related species to coexist, the causes and consequences of character displacement have not been fully explored. Moreover, character di...

In skeletal muscle, the waveform of Ca 2 release under clamp depolarization exhibits an early peak. Its decay reflects an inactivation, which locally corresponds to the termination of Ca 2 sparks, and is crucial for rapid control. In cardiac muscle, both the frequency of spontaneous sparks (i.e., their activation) and their termination appear to be strongly dependent on the Ca 2 content in the ...