Making use of public spectra from Cimatti et al. (2008), we measure for the first time the velocity dispersion of spheroid-like massive (M ⋆ ∼ 10 11 M ⊙) galaxies at z ∼ 1.6. By comparing with galaxies of similar stellar mass at lower redshifts, we find evidence for a mild evolution in velocity dispersion, decreasing from ∼ 240 km s −1 at z ∼ 1.6 down to ∼ 180 km s −1 at z ∼ 0. Such mild evolut...

In this study, the contributions of London dispersion forces to the strength of aromatic stacking interactions in solution were experimentally assessed using a small molecule model system. A series of molecular torsion balances were designed to measure an intramolecular stacking interaction via a conformational equilibrium. To probe the importance of the dispersion term, the size and polarizabi...

In this study, the contributions of London dispersion forces to the strength of aromatic stacking interactions in solution were experimentally assessed using a small molecule model system. A series of molecular torsion balances were designed to measure an intramolecular stacking interaction via a conformational equilibrium. To probe the importance of the dispersion term, the size and polarizabi...

Strongly anisotropic media where the principal components of electric permittivity or magnetic permeability tensors have opposite signs are termed as hyperbolic media. Such media support propagating electromagnetic waves with extremely large wave vectors exhibiting unique optical properties. However, in all artificial and natural optical materials studied to date, the hyperbolic dispersion orig...

We report on the remote characterization and dispersion compensation (pulse compression) of femtosecond pluses using multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan (MIIPS). The results presented here were carried out at a distance of 28.9 m from the target. The method could be used with targets placed kilometers away. The amplified pulses arrive at the remote target within one percent of transf...

The objective of this study is to carry out a parametric sensitivity analysis of PHAST atmospheric dispersion modelling for an accidental toxic gas release scenario. A methodology is developed and is applied to a nitric oxide gas dispersion scenario. We study the relative influence of uncertainty in independent input parameters (storage conditions, atmospheric variables, release parameters and ...

Optical fiber is one of the most important communication media in communication system. Due to its versatile nature and negligible transmission loss it is used in high speed data transmission. Dispersion in a single mode fiber is the bottleneck of long haul optical communication systems, which limits the bit rate and repeater-less distance. Chromatic dispersion (CD) of a single mode fiber (SMF)...

We use our recently developed beam-deflection technique to measure the dispersion of the nondegenerate nonlinear refraction (NLR) of direct-gap semiconductors. The magnitude and sign of the NLR coefficient n2(ωa; ωb) are determined over a broad spectral range for different values of nondegeneracy. In the extremely nondegenerate case, n2(ωa; ωb) is positively enhanced near ...

The effect of ionized gas on the propagation radio signals is known as plasma lensing. Unlike gravitational lensing, lensing causes both magnification and strong de-magnification effects to background sources. We study cross section for two density profiles, Gaussian power-law models. In general, increases with gradient. Radio sources can be used measure free electron along line sight. However,...

Making precise measurements of pulsar dispersion measures (DMs) and applying suitable corrections for them is amongst the major challenges in high-precision timing programmes such as arrays (PTAs). While advent wide-band instrumentation can enable more DM thence improved precision, it also necessitates doing careful assessments frequency-dependent (chromatic) DMs that was theorised by Cordes et...