Distributed compression is particularly attractive for stereoscopic images since it avoids communication between cameras. Since compression performance depends on exploiting the redundancy between images, knowing the disparity is important at the decoder. Unfortunately, distributed encoders cannot calculate this disparity and communicate it. In this paper, we propose an Expectation Maximization...

The quantitative evaluation of disparity maps is based on error measures. Among the existing measures, the percentage of Bad Matched Pixels (BMP) is widely adopted. Nevertheless, the BMP does not consider the magnitude of the errors and the inherent error of stereo systems, in regard to the inverse relation between depth and disparity. Consequently, different disparity maps, with quite similar ...

In two experiments, we tested whether disparity and shading cues cooperated for surface interpolation. Observers adjusted a probe dot to/lie on a surface specified either by a sparse disparity field, a continuous stereo shading or monocular shading gradient, or both cues. Observers' adjustments were very consistent with disparity information but their adjustments were much more variable with sh...

The visual system uses binocular disparity to discriminate the relative depth of objects in space. Because the striate cortex is the first site along the central visual pathways at which signals from the left and right eyes converge onto a single neuron, encoding of binocular disparity is thought to begin in this region. There are two possible mechanisms for encoding binocular disparity through...

Cortical neurons are frequently tuned to several stimulus dimensions, and many cortical areas contain intercalated maps of multiple variables. Relatively little is known about how information is "read out" of these multidimensional maps. For example, how does an organism extract information relevant to the task at hand from neurons that are also tuned to other, irrelevant stimulus dimensions? W...

Much of the link between disparity tuning and distance from the horopter is captured by the ‘sizedisparity correlation’ (Felton, Richards & Smith, 1972; Marr & Poggio, 1979; Schor & Wood, 1983; Schor, Wood & Ogawa, 1984a; Smallman & MacLeod, 1994). By this notion, mechanisms tuned to low spatial frequencies (i.e., those with large receptive fields) code larger disparities, and a larger range of...

A computational model for the control of horizontal vergence, based on a population of disparity tuned complex cells, is presented. The model directly extracts the disparity-vergence response by combining the outputs of the disparity detectors without explicit calculation of the disparity map. The resulting vergence control yields to stable fixation and has small response time to a wide range o...