the probability density functions fitting to the discrete probability functions has always been needed, and very important. this paper is fitting the continuous curves which are probability density functions to the binomial probability functions, negative binomial geometrics, poisson and hypergeometric. the main key in these fittings is the use of the derivative concept and common differential ...

most of the researches in the domain of fuzzy number comparisons serve the fuzzy number ordering purpose. for making a comparison between two fuzzy numbers, beyond the determination of their order, it is needed to derive the magnitude of their order. in line with this idea, the concept of inequality is no longer crisp however it becomes fuzzy in the sense of representing partial belonging or de...

In this study, a method was presented to accurately obtain the extinction characteristics of non-spherical biological particle aggregates. Based on multi-sphere model particles, randomly oriented aggregation firstly built construct The discrete-dipole approximation used calculate aggregates in 3–14 µm waveband. average mass coefficients three materials are 0.802 m2/g, 0.907 and 0.866 m2/g 3–5 w...

The theoretical study of many-body effects in the context near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) has already led to prediction a plethora thermal radiation phenomena. Special attention been paid nonreciprocal systems which lack Lorentz reciprocity shown give rise unique physical effects. However, most work this regard carried out with help approaches that consider either point-like particle...

We present a theoretical study of O(ka) and O(ka) corrections to the dipole approximation in photoionization of rare gas atoms, where k is the magnitude of the photon wave vector and a is the radius of the ionized subshell. In the dipole approximation, the photoelectron angular distribution is characterized by the single parameter β. The O(ka) corrections are characterized by two parameters γ a...

The absorption spectra of 5 nm noble metal nanoparticles (Ag, Au, and Cu) with typical morphologies of multiply twinned particles (MTPs) and single crystals are calculated by using the discrete dipole approximation method. Among the considered morphologies, it is found that icosahedral, cuboctahedral and truncated octahedral particles behave like quasispherical particles whereas the optical res...