Polyamines (PAs) have been considered as important molecules for survival. However, evidence reinforces that PAs are also implicated, directly or indirectly, in pathways regulating programmed cell death (PCD). Direct correlation of PAs with cell death refers to their association with particular biological processes, and their physical contact with molecules or structures involved in cell death....

The standard approach to modelling endogenous technical change in an economy with an essential non-renewable resource ignores that also R&D may need the resource (directly or indirectly). This biases the limits-to-growth discussion in an optimistic direction. Indeed, sustained per capita growth requires stronger parameter restrictions when the resource is directly or indirectly an input in R&D ...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix in physiological and pathological processes. MMPs also have a role in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. We previously identified cancer invasion-related factors by comparing the gene expression profiles bet...

Cardiac depression in sepsis is associated with the increased morbidity and mortality. Although myofilaments damage, autonomic dysfunction, and apoptosis play roles in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction, the underlying mechanism is not clear. All of these possible factors are related to NFκB signaling, which plays the main role in sepsis signaling. Thaliporphine was determined to possess ant...

Glis3 is a member of the Krüppel-like family of transcription factors and is highly expressed in islet beta cells. Mutations in GLIS3 cause the syndrome of neonatal diabetes and congenital hypothyroidism (NDH). Our aim was to examine the role of Glis3 in beta cells, specifically with regard to regulation of insulin gene transcription. We demonstrate that insulin 2 (Ins2) mRNA expression in rat ...

Plants depend on light signals to modulate many aspects of their development and optimize their photosynthetic capacity. Phytochromes (phys), a family of photoreceptors, initiate a signal transduction pathway that alters expression of a large number of genes to induce these responses. Recently, phyA and phyB were shown to bind members of a basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors ...

Memory consolidation refers to a process by which newly learned information is made resistant to disruption. Traditionally, consolidation has been viewed as an event that occurs once in the life of a memory. However, considerable evidence now indicates that consolidated memories, when reactivated through retrieval, become labile (susceptible to disruption) again and undergo reconsolidation. Bec...

In African catfish, two gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) peptides have been identified: chicken GnRH (cGnRH)-II and catfish GnRH (cfGnRH). The GnRH receptors on pituitary cells producing gonadotropic hormone signal through inositol phosphate (IP) elevation followed by increases in intracellular calcium concentration (¿Ca(2+)(i)). In primary pituitary cell cultures of male African catfish, ...