This work demonstrates the use of thin film heaters to enhance electrothermal pumping in microfluidic systems. Thin film heating electrothermal pumping is more efficient than Joule heating alone. Numerical simulations of an asymmetric electrode array are performed to demonstrate the advantages of incorporating thin film heaters. This specific simulation shows that thin film heater electrotherma...

This study systematically investigates the influence of free carriers on the generation of THz in ZnTe crystals, over a wide range of pumping fluences. As the pumping fluence is increased (< 6.36 mJ/cm(2)), the concentration of free carriers gradually increases and the THz output power is saturated, as clearly demonstrated by the time delay in the THz temporal waveforms, the changes in the THz ...

In the present paper, the problem of multi-pumping all Raman amplifier has been investigated to obtain a maximum flatness gain and increases the bandwidth of the cascaded Raman amplifiers over a wide range of optical signal wavelengths for long-haul ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) transmission systems due to multi-pumping wavelengths and pumping power . Three cases are anal...

We theoretically study hydrodynamic phenomena originating from electron-electron collisions in a two-dimensional Fermi system. We demonstrate that an electron beam sweeping past an aperture creates a pumping effect, attracting carriers from this aperture. This pumping effect originates from the specific electric potential distribution induced by the injected electrons. In the regions near the m...

Abstract Well storage effect is generally considered while interpreting pumping test data from large diameter wells. However, in an aquifer of low permeability, the well storage is found to be significant during pumping tests conducted on bore wells. The interpretation of such data gives ambiguous results unless well storage effect is taken into account. A field example is presented to illustra...

The work presented here is a study of thermally enhanced injection in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This effect, which we refer to as "thermal pumping", results from Peltier energy exchange from the lattice to charge carriers when current is injected into an LED. For an applied voltage V such that qV < (hw), where q is the electron charge and (hw) is the average emitted photon energy, thermal p...

OBJECTIVE Women at risk for delayed onset of lactation are often advised to pump their breasts before lactogenesis stage II to hasten the timing of this process. The effectiveness of this clinical practice has not been previously evaluated. This study investigates the effects of breast pumping before the onset of lactation on early milk transfer and subsequent breastfeeding duration among women...

Signal transduction processes involved in blue light-dependent proton pumping were investigated using guard cell protoplasts from Vicia faba.N-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases, had no effect. 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7) and calphostin C, inhibitors of protein kinase C, produced slight i...

We studied the effect of mechanical pumping on the response of peripheral arteries by focusing on the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in large arterial conduit and micro-vessels. The pressure waveforms were measured simultaneously at the brachial artery (BA), radial artery (RA) and finger. Impulse pumping was operated by alternatively adding 80mmHg pressure to the arm of normal subjects (N=10) in 3 s...