this paper using generalized roeger's model calculated the lerner index for iranian active industries in 4-digit isic codes during the period 1995-2007. the findings indicate that the lerner index has been between 8 to 16 percent in 38 industries among 131 ones. the index also in different industries shows that more than 50 percent of iranian industries have monopolistic power such that th...

Recent literature emphasizes the role that testosterone, as well as markers indicating early exposure to T and its organizing effect on the brain (such as the ratio of second to fourth finger, [Formula: see text]), have on performance in financial markets. These results may suggest that the main effect of T, either circulating or in fetal exposure, on economic behavior occurs through the increa...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to measure listening effort at typical classroom signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). DESIGN Listening effort was measured using a dual task paradigm. Participants repeated monosyllabic words presented in a background of children's chatter (primary task) at SNRs that are considered typical of the school classroom environment (quiet, +4, 0, -4 dB) while simultaneou...

We describe a high radix integer division algorithm where the divisor is prescaled and the quotient is postscaled without modifying the dividend to obtain an identity with the quotient differing from the desired integer quotient only in its lowest order high radix digit. Here the “oversized” partial remainder is bounded by the scaled divisor with at most one additional high radix digit selectio...

Finger length ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait. Men have relatively shorter second digits (index fingers) than fourth digits (ring fingers). Smaller, more masculine, digit ratios are thought to be associated with either higher prenatal testosterone levels or greater sensitivity to androgens, or both. Men with more masculine finger ratios are perceived as being more masculine and domi...