insects wellknown for their public importance, since they act as vector for many tropical and subtropical disease such as dengue fever, yellow fever, chikungunya, malaria, filariasis and encephalitis of different types including, Japanese encephalitis1. Larviciding is a successful way of reducing mosquito densities in their breeding places before they emerge into adults. Larviciding largely dep...

The wide use of pesticides across the globe to improve crop yield raises concerns regarding their impacts on biodiversity (Bernhardt et al., 2017; Pelosi 2021; Wang 2020). Despite recent initiatives reduce in many countries (e.g. European Commission, 2022), it continues increase globally (Sharma 2019), with a broad range substances still being applied, and new continuously put market (Wang It i...

Insect outbreaks pose a major challenge in the management and development of land resources. In cropping systems, these eruptions are frequent as relatively low diversity transient nature agroecosystems hinders trophic regulation herbivores population (Letourneau, 2012). contrast, insect forests characterised mainly by sporadic often spatially synchronous eruptions, resulting from combination a...

1. Gypsy moth outbreaks cause severe defoliation in Holarctic forests, both North America where it is invasive, and its native range Eurasia. Defoliation can hamper timber production impact ecological communities processes. Aerial insecticide applications are regularly performed outbreak areas to mitigate economic losses. These operations be financially costly harmful non-target species may dis...

By the end of this decade, world-wide production of farmed salmon is estimated to reach 2,000,000 mt and almost all farmed salmon production takes place in sheltered areas of the coastal zone. This paper reviews the main activities associated with the marine phase of salmon aquaculture production, the pathways to the environment of the various activities and the potential effects on the coastal...