Two modified methods for assaying sodium diclofenac were developed by GC and HPLC. Diclofenac was converted into methyl ester derivative by methyl iodide in acetone. The ester was extract and subjected to GLC with flame ionization detector. %5 SE-30/chrom W-HP (80-100 mesh) was used as a column in GC. For reversed phase HPLC, the mobile phase was methanol and water (55-45). The separation was p...

Toxicity of diclofenac sodium was evaluated in relation to clinical signs, post mortem findings, liver and kidneys functions in broiler chicken model. Broiler birds (35th day) of groups A1, A2, A3 and A4 were injected diclofenac sodium at dose rate of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly, respectively for four consecutive days. The birds of group A5 were injected with 0.2 ml/kg...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of a newly developed diclofenac patch in the topical treatment of blunt impact injuries. METHODS This was a randomised, placebo controlled, double blind, multicentre study in 120 patients with traumatic blunt soft tissue injury. Within 3 h of the injury participants of sport competitions and training camps were enrolled and treated tw...

In randomized controlled trials, medication side effects may lead to beliefs that one is receiving the active intervention and enhance active treatment responses, thereby increasing drug-placebo differences. We tested these hypotheses with an experimental double-blind randomized controlled trial of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with and without the addition of atropine to induce side ef...

Fungal and bacterial microbes are known to mimic mammalian cytochrome P450 metabolism. Traditionally, microbial biotransformation screening and small scale-ups (<1 liter) are performed in shake-flask reactors. An alternative approach is the use of hollow fiber cartridge (HFC) reactors. The performance of HFC reactors is compared with shake-flask reactors using diclofenac as a model substrate. A...

The objective of our study was to estimate the cost effectiveness of treatment with a fixed-dose combination of diclofenac and misoprostol compared with diclofenac monotherapy in the prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced ulcers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A model was used to incorporate estimates of costs, incidence of ulcers and their complications, death...

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac is a major cause of the rapid declines in the Indian subcontinent of three species of vultures endemic to South Asia. The drug causes kidney failure and death in vultures. Exposure probably arises through vultures feeding on carcasses of domesticated ungulates treated with the drug. However, before the study reported here, it had not been esta...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of intramuscular drotaverine hydrochloride vs diclofenac sodium in treatment of acute renal colic. METHODS We conducted a randomized, single-blind study comparing single intramuscular doses of drotaverine hydrochloride (80 mg) vs diclofenac sodium (75 mg) on 100 patients (50 in each arm) presenting to the emergency department (ED) with r...

Diclofenac is one of the most commonly detected pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and the receiving water bodies. In this study, biogenic Pd nanoparticles ('bio-Pd') were successfully applied in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) for the catalytic reduction of diclofenac. Hydrogen gas was produced in the cathodic compartment, and consumed as a hydrogen donor by the...