We used National Swine Survey data collected by the National Animal Health Monitoring System to identify litter and herd factors associated with the risk of diarrhea morbidity and mortality in 4to 14-day-old piglets.A total of 29,843 litters from 708 herds monitored for producer-observed health events were included. The rate of diarrhea among 4to 14day-old pigs was one case per day per 250 pigl...

ETEC is an underrecognized but extremely important cause of diarrhea in the developing world where there is inadequate clean water and poor sanitation. It is the most frequent bacterial cause of diarrhea in children and adults living in these areas and also the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea. ETEC diarrhea is most frequently seen in children, suggesting that a protective immune respon...

BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity among children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries yet the additional effects and sequelae, such as cognitive impairment associated with diarrhea, have not been quantified. METHODS We quantified the association between diarrhea prevalence and cognitive outcomes while controlling for linear growth in 4 study populations. ...

BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the early life period especially in developing countries. Micronutrients deficiencies have been proposed either as a risk factor or a consequence of diarrhea. Association studies highlight the relation of vitamins and minerals' deficiencies with acute diarrhea. In this regard we aimed to evaluate the status of vitamins A a...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that selected strains of lactobacilli that are administered orally result in a modest reduction of diarrhea duration. However, duration alone is not considered optimal for therapeutic evaluation of any agent in diarrhea. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of a new probiotic, Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 (ST11), in acute childhood diarrhea by using ev...

BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a leading cause of child mortality worldwide. Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of severe diarrhea and dehydration in children. Authors reviewed epidemiological and clinical data of the rotavirus diarrhea in Kosovo. METHODS This is a prospective study carried between January 1st and December 31st 2011. All data, comprising demographics, nutrition, clinical pres...

Linear growth retardation during childhood is a determinant of short stature and impaired capacities in adults of developing countries. To study the effect of diarrhea on height during childhood, the authors followed a birth cohort of 224 Peruvian children for 35 months with records of daily diarrhea and monthly anthropometry. This study was conducted from April 1995 to December 1998. At 24 mon...

BACKGROUND To be able to monitor the impact of rotavirus vaccines in the future, the authors designed the present study along with the Rotavirus Surveillance Project-Thailand. OBJECTIVE To examine the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and direct medical cost of rotavirus-caused diarrhea in Thailand MATERIAL AND METHOD Clinical presentations of all diarrhea cases during the study period w...

Definitions Chronic diarrhea is a common complaint in pediatric medicine and can pose a complex situation for practitioners and families. This complaint is both a symptom and a sign. (1) Although patients or their parents often assess the presence of diarrhea by reporting stool consistency and frequency, one can more scientifically define diarrhea as stool volume >10 g/kg per day in infants and...

BACKGROUND Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants. The economic costs of treating severe rotavirus can be quite significant and are important to include in any evaluation of prevention programs. The aim of this study was to determine utilization of health care resources and costs incurred due to severe diarrhea associated with rotavirus infection in Mexican children < ...