BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is (DM) a global public health problem and a complex disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that leads to long-term macrovascular and microvascular complications. Recent studies have reported the role of hematological indices in contributing to the vascular injury in diabetic patients. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine hematological indices and th...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains a major complication of diabetes leading to endstage renal disease (ESRD). The number of diabetic patients with ESRD who require renal replacement therapy has been increasing, implicating unsuccessful prevention of diabetic renal complication. This unfavorable outcome reflects insufficient knowledge on pathogenic mechanisms of DN and its detection at late stage...

Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a progressive disease that is mainly caused by chronic exposure to high altitude, chronic obstructive lung disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. The increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure result in increased right ventricular afterload, leading to right heart failure and increased morbidity. There are sev...

Atherosclerosis is the major complication of diabetes. Accumulating evidence indicates that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) produced by macrophages in the vascular wall may favor the development of atherosclerosis by promoting lipid accumulation within the lesion. We previously demonstrated that high glucose stimulates in vitro murine and human macrophage LPL production. In this study, we measured mac...

background: this study attempted to determine the effects of long-term use of vitamin c on vascular endothelial function. materials and methods: during a pilot clinical trial study conducted at imam hussein hospital (isfahan) in 2014-2015, a total of 40 diabetic patients were selected and then assigned randomly into two 20-subject groups receiving vitamin c and placebo tablets. the patients wer...

diabetic retinopathy is the lead among causes of blindness in north america. glucose-induced endothelial injury is the most important cause of diabetic retinopathy and other vascular complications. extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (erk5), also known as big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (bmk1), is a member of mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) family. physiologically, it is cri...

Diabetic retinopathy is a highly specific vascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It remains one of the commonest causes of visual loss in people of working age in developed countries. Both duration of diabetes and glycaemic control are significant risk factors for the development of retinopathy. After 20 years of diabetes, nearly all patients with type 1 diabetes mel...

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a result of severe vascular complication and is visible as neovascularization of the retina. Automatic detection of such new vessels would be useful for the severity grading of diabetic retinopathy, and it is an important part of screening process to identify those who may require immediate treatment for t...

PURPOSE The pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy involves leukocyte adhesion to retinal vasculature, early blood-retinal barrier breakdown, capillary nonperfusion, and endothelial cell death. We investigated the involvement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in diabetes-related histopathological changes in two relevant rodent models. METHODS In short-term studies, Long-Evans rats w...

Diabetic foot ulceration is a severe complication of diabetes that lacks effective treatment. Mast cells (MCs) contribute to wound healing, but their role in diabetes skin complications is poorly understood. Here we show that the number of degranulated MCs is increased in unwounded forearm and foot skin of patients with diabetes and in unwounded dorsal skin of diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Converse...