This paper surveys two related lines of research: Logical characterizations of (non-deterministic) linear time complexity classes, and non-expressibility results concerning sublogics of existential second-order logic. Starting from Fagin's fundamental work there has been steady progress in both elds with the eeect that the weakest logics that are used in characterizations of linear time complex...

The main factor of intelligence is defined as the ability to comprehend, formalising this ability with the help of new constructs based on descriptional complexity. The result is a comprehension test, or C-test, which is exclusively defined in computational terms. Due to its absolute and non-anthropomorphic character, it is equally applicable to both humans and non-humans. Moreover, it correlat...

The descriptive complexity of a problem is the complexity of describing the problem in some logical formalism. One of the few techniques for proving separation results in descriptive complexity is to make use of games on graphs played between two players, called the spoiler and the duplicator. There are two types of these games, which differ in the order in which the spoiler and duplicator make...

This paper presents a way to perform speaker adaptation for automatic speech recognition using the stream weights in a multi-stream setup, which included acoustic models for “Articulatory Features” such as ROUNDED or VOICED. We present supervised speaker adaptation experiments on a spontaneous speech task and compare the above stream-based approach to conventional approaches, in which the model...

In this paper we show that C-k(X), the set of continuous, realvalued functions on X topologized by the pointwise convergence topology, can have arbitrarily high Borel or projective complexity in Rx even when X is a countable regular space with a unique limit point. In addition we show how to construct countable regular spaces X for which C-n(X) lies nowhere in the projective hierarchy of the co...

State complexity is a descriptive complexity measure for regular languages. We investigate the problems related to the state complexity of regular languages and their operations. In particular, we compare the state complexity results on regular languages with those on nite languages.

In this paper we present logical characterizations of two preorders, within the framework of Hennessy-Milner Logics. The two preorders (loosely termed bisimulation-based efficiency preorders) are on processes represented as labelled transition systems. The characterizations are particularly interesting as they explore preorders lying between strong and weak bisimilarity, guided by a principle o...

Syntactic constraints in Koskenniemi's Finite-State Intersection Grammar (FSIG) are logically less complex than their formalism (Koskenniemi et al., 1992) would suggest: It turns out that although the constraints in Voutilainen's (1994) FSIG description of English make use of several extensions to regular expressions, the description as a whole reduces to a finite combination of union, compleme...

abstractthis study aimed to determine the relationship between l2 learners' autonomy and their cognitive style focusing on reflectivity. it was conducted with 140 iranian m.a. efl learners from department of english at islamic azad university of najafabad. in order to have a homogeneous sample, the second version of quick placement test (qpt) was administered. then, 85 lower and 50 higher profi...