Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant global health problem affecting millions of preschool children worldwide. In general, preschool children from families with 20% of the lowest family incomes suffered about 80% of the ECC. Most, if not all, surveys indicated that the great majority of ECC was left untreated. Untreated caries progresses into the dental pulp, causing pain and infection...

Despite evidence that social contexts are key determinants of health, research into factors associated with maternal health service utilization in Ethiopia has often focused on individual and household factors. The downside is that this underestimates the importance of taking contextual factors into account when planning appropriate interventions in promoting safe motherhood in the country. The...

OBJECTIVES To analyse and compare the determinants of screening uptake for different National Health Service (NHS) health check-ups in the UK. DESIGN Individual-level analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys with balanced panel data. SETTING The UK. PARTICIPANTS Individuals taking part in the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), 1992-2008. OUTCOME MEASURE Uptake of NHS health chec...

Population control has been a huge policy issue of the twenty first century and has been a topic of discussion in the world’s capitals. Overuse of natural resources, poverty and high mortality rates were the key issues that raised population control. The data used in this study is taken from the 2008/2009 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for Kenya. The sample used in this study consists a t...

We utilized the most recent Demographic Health Survey data to explore the distribution of feeding practices and examine relationships between complementary feeding and socio-demographic and health behaviour indicators in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. We based our analysis on complementary dietary diversity scores calculated for children 6-23 months old. Geographically, Kenya displayed clear divis...

Establishing the validity of health behavior surveys used in community-based participatory research (CBPR) in diverse populations is often overlooked. A novel, group-based cognitive interviewing method was used to obtain qualitative data for tailoring a survey instrument designed to identify barriers to improved cardiovascular health in at-risk populations in Washington, DC. A focus group-based...

BACKGROUND To determine the equality in safe delivery indices, i.e., appropriate place of delivery, type of delivery and skilled attendant for delivery, and their determinants in Iran. METHODS This study was performed using the data of Iran demographic and health survey, performed in 2000. Our sample was nationally representative and included 17,991 Iranian married women aged 10 - 49 years wh...

OBJECTIVE We examined secular trends in physical fitness and BMI status in 8- to 9-year-old Greek children during an 11-year period (1997-2007). METHODS Population data derived from a yearly health survey performed in over 85% of Greek schools. Anthropometric measurements and physical fitness tests from 651,582 children were analyzed. The gender- and age-specific BMI cut-off points by the Int...