Abstract This paper studies retirement and child support policies in a small, open, overlapping-generations economy with PAYG social security endogenous fertility decisions. It demonstrates that neither nor choices necessarily coincide socially optimal allocation, because agents do not take into account the externalities of elderly labor supply as whole. shows governments can realize first-best...

Today, countries around the world are caught in the tide of change toward Gesellshaft, or individualistic socio-demographic condition. Recent investigations in Japan have suggested negative impacts of change on emotional and motivational aspects of the Japanese self (Norasakkunkit et al., 2012; Ogihara and Uchida, 2014). Building on previous findings, in Study 1, we measured socio-demographic c...

b a c k g r o u n d  & aim: this study aimed  to estimate  and project  the current  and future disability burden of typhoid fever in iran associated with climate and population to provide best policies for climate change adaptation. methods & materials: years lost due to disabilities (ylds) were measured as burden estimation in this study. the temperature was selected as climate variable. futu...

BACKGROUND During the 2008-2010 economic recession, Kentucky local health department (LHD) leaders utilized innovative strategies to maintain their programs. A characteristic of innovative strategy is leader openness to change. Leader demographical research in for-profit organizations has yielded valuable insight into leader openness to change. For LHD leaders, the nature of the association bet...