The crystalline structure of cellulose has been studied for a long time. It is well known that crystallinity of cellulose can be measured using quite a number of methods, X-ray diffraction, solid state C CP-MAS NMR, Fourier transforminfrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The solid state C CP-MAS NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy considers contributions from both crystalline and non-crys...

silicon and aluminum sources are most important reactants in the synthesis of zeolite. the use of the silicon source has an important effect on the crystallization of zeolites. also, it can change the properties of the end product. this work reports the influence of three common commercial silica sources such as colloidal silica (ludox am-30), fumed silica and water glass on the crystallinity o...

Abstract Crystallinity is an important parameter of thermoplastic polymers. Furthermore, crystallinity closely related to processing conditions such as temperature and applied shear stress. However, determining the degree very complicated because different interpretations according each technique. In this paper, we analyze polyethylene glycol-based composites using two instruments, i.e., X-Ray ...

Present paper examines the effect of acid type and hydrolysis conditions on morphology, size, yield and crystallinity of produced cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). Cellulose obtained from waste office paper was hydrolyzed under the same conditions by Maleic acid (MA) and Sulfuric Acid (SA) in separate treatments.  Also this cellulose was hydrolyzed under different timing and temperature by MA and SA...

Silicon and aluminum sources are most important reactants in the synthesis of zeolite. The use of the silicon source has an important effect on the crystallization of zeolites. Also, it can change the properties of the end product. This work reports the influence of three common commercial silica sources such as colloidal silica (Ludox AM-30), fumed silica and water glass on the crystallinity o...

abstract: the crystallinity of wheat starch in two types of flat breads was studied using differential scanning calorimetery. three types of flours with different proteins of 9.4, 11.6 and 13.5% were prepared and two different types of flat breads with thicknesses of 2 and 3 millimeters were baked from each flour. the crystallization enthalpy (∆h), peak temperature (tp) and onset point temperat...

Three experiments demonstrate that infra-red spectroscopic measures of bone mineral crystallinity are partially dependent upon sample preparation methods. Intensive grinding of bone samples for Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis results in a net decrease in splitting factor (SF), a common measure of apatite crystallinity. If grinding is overly intensive, SF measurement ma...

We present a new perspective on the crystallinity of dust in protoplanetary disks. The dominant crystallization by thermal annealing happens in the very early phases of disk formation and evolution. Both the disk properties and the level of crystallinity are thereby directly linked to the properties of the molecular cloud core from which the star+disk system was formed. We show that, under the ...