Shortly after Minot and Murphy37 announced the successful treatment of Addison's pernicious anemia with liver, Castle and his associates3 6,8,9 clearly established a fundamental relationship between a defect in gastric secretion and the occurrence of pernicious anemia. Evidence was presented that gastric juice from normal individuals contained in abundance an unidentified thermolabile substance...

applying two definitions of the union of if-events, p. grzegorzewski gave two generalizations of the inclusion-exclusion principle for if-events.in this paper we prove an inclusion-exclusion principle for if-states based on a method which can also be used to prove grzegorzewski's inclusion-exclusion principle for probabilities on if-events.finally, we give some applications of this principle by...

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of platelet growth factors and periosteal mesenchymal stem cells on bone healing process, radiographically. Forty male White New Zealand rabbits in five equal groups were used in this study. A 2 mm full thickness bone defect was made in left radial bone of each animal. In group A (control) the defect was left with no medical intervention. I...

Introduction: In this study, we sought to illustrate our experience in urgent surgical management for embolized cardiac septal occlude devices resulting from trans-catheter closure of atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect. Mathrials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed four patients aged 2–10 years who underwent urgent surgery due to cardiac septal occluder embolization between...

determining the governing law on obligations of the commercial instruments ,and what criteria existsfor determining the governingin law inthe case of their mutual agreement or silence , is one of the most significant problems with which the investigator faces. in this article, it was attempted to examine the theories used for determining the qualified law of obligations of the commercial instru...

the principle of formality –free protection is an international principle in the copyright and it was stabilized in the berne convention. but this principle has not been studied in iran and evaluation of the principle is very vital because easier access to the works and fair trial. recent paper has attempted to study this principle in light of the berne convention and analyzes and interprets th...