Forest inventory data were used to develop a standage-driven, stochastic predictor of unit-area, frequencyweighted lists of breast high tree diameters (DBH). The average of mean statistics from 40 simulation prediction sets of an independent 78-plot validation dataset differed from the observed validation means by 0.5 cm for DBH, and by 12 trees/h for density. The 40simulation average of standa...

In this light microscopic immunocytochemical study beta-Endorphin (beta-END), leu-enkephalin and dopamine-beta hydroxylase (DBH) antisera are used to obtain an overview of the interaction of the noradrenergic and opiate peptide systems in brain. Serial brain areas were analyzed for DBH and then for beta-END or leu-enkephalin. Several areas were evaluated for cell and fiber interactions between ...

The central adrenergic neurons have been suggested to play a role in the regulation of arousal and in the neuronal control of the cardiovascular system. To provide morphological evidence that these functions could be mediated via the basal forebrain, we performed correlated light and electron microscopic double-immunolabeling experiments using antibodies against phenylethanolamine N-methyltrans...

I an article in this issue of PNAS, Jasmin et al. (1) provide new evidence that noradrenaline is a key neurotransmitter in the endogenous pain inhibitory systems in the central nervous system (CNS) of the mouse. They show that this adrenergic inhibitory system interacts with that part of the sensory nociceptive system by using the neuropeptide substance P in a mutually antagonistic manner. They...

Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) is the most important forest vegetation in northeast China. The timber quality of this tree species largely driven by branch growth and distribution within crown. Thus, developing diameter length models, especially those that include competition indices, essential. A total 48 trees were selected to conduct destructive measurements characteristics. T...

A combined immunoperoxidase/immunofluorescence procedure was used to examine potential sites of overlap between catecholamine and LHRH systems in the brains of ewes sacrificed during either anestrous or the breeding season. Cells and fibers immunoreactive for either tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) were visualized in the same sections as immunopositive LHRH perikarya...

Evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China contain a complicated structure of diverse species. The impact of topographic and soil factors on the assembly of woody species in the forest has been poorly understood. We used Ripley’s K(t) function to analyze the spatial patterns and associations of dominant species and residual analysis (RDA) to quantify the contribution of topography and s...

BACKGROUND Traits of non-dominant mixed-forest tree species and their synergies for successful co-occurrence in monodominant Gilbertiodendron dewevrei forest have not yet been investigated. Here we compared the tree species diversity of the monodominant forest with its adjacent mixed forest and then determined which fitness proxies and life history traits of the mixed-forest tree species were m...