The micromechanical damage mechanics formulated by Ashby and Sammis, 1990, “The Damage Mechanics of Brittle Solids in Compression,” Pure Appl. Geophys., 133(3), pp. 489–521, and generalized by Deshpande and Evans 2008, “Inelastic Deformation and Energy Dissipation in Ceramics: A Mechanism-Based Constitutive Model,” J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 56(10), pp. 3077–3100. has been extended to allow for a m...

The measurement of damage constants in adhesive bonding has been investigated. Bulk adhesive was used in this study for two reasons: a) stress distribution in bulk adhesive is simpler than adhesive in joints and b) specimen dimensions met fatigue test standard. Bulk adhesive was made from film-form of epoxy resin. In general, the characteristics and the behaviour of bulk adhesive may differ fro...

This article explores certain international law aspects of the Bhopal disaster, namely the principles and rules of international law establishing international accountability for environmental damage; the criteria for determining the liability of the Union Carbide Company (U. S. A.) for the Bhopal disaster; the criteria for determining compensation; and the international remedies available to t...

In the traditional economics of deterrence, raising the sanction is a simple matter of increasing the legislated or judicially imposed penalty for a particular offense. With digital copyright infringement, things are a bit different. Copyright law already includes substantial supracompensatory sanctions in both civil and criminal law. Any copyright infringer—even one who acts innocently—can be ...

Telomere damage resulting from telomere shortening can potentially suppress tumorigenesis by permanently arresting or eliminating incipient cancer cells. Dysfunctional telomeres activate the canonical DNA damage response pathway, resulting in a p53-mediated G(1)/S arrest and senescence or apoptosis. Experimental induction of telomere damage through inhibition of the telomeric protein TRF2 recap...

in this paper, a crack localization method for euler-bernoulli beams via an efficient static data based indicator is proposed. the crack in beams is simulated here using a triangular variation in the stiffness. static responses of a beam are obtained by the finite element modeling. in order to reduce the computational cost of damage detection method, the beam deflection is fitted through a poly...

results of damage prediction in buildings can be used as a useful tool for managing and decreasing seismic risk of earthquakes. in this study, damage spectrum and c4.5 decision tree algorithm were utilized for damage prediction in steel buildings during earthquakes. in order to prepare the damage spectrum, steel buildings were modeled as a single-degree-of-freedom (sdof) system and time-history...

There are frequent banning behaviors in the field of Internet platforms China, which harm interests other operators, market innovation, and damage rights consumers. The self-healing function traditional economics does not have a realistic basis cannot play its practical effect. regulation behavior only will produce economic damage, but also is conducive to reduce competitive market, so it urgen...

Background—Liquid-filled balloons for coronary brachytherapy provide significant advantages over solid sources in dose homogeneity but carry the risk of life-threatening radiointoxication after balloon rupture and laboratory contamination in case of a spill. We hypothesized that the positron emitter Ga, with a half-life of only 68 minutes, was well suited to overcome these safety obstacles whil...

Bipotentials are non smooth mechanics tools, used to model various non associative multivalued constitutive laws of dissipative materials (friction contact, soils, cyclic plasticity of metals, damage). Given by a graph M representing a multivalued constitutive law, we state a simple necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a bipotential b for which M is the set of (x, y) such tha...