magnetic levitation (maglev) is amongst the most advanced technologies that are available to the transportation industries. it has already been noticed by decision makers in many countries around the globe. contrary to such high levels of interest, there are no practical algorithms available to the engineers and/or managers to assist them in analyzing economics of the maglev systems. therefore,...

Background Sound decisions on control actions for established invasive alien species (IAS) require information on ecological as well as socio-economic impact of the species and of its management. Cost-benefit analysis provides part of this information, yet has received relatively little attention in the scientific literature on IAS. Methods We apply a bio-economic model in a cost-benefit anal...

This paper applies the concept of damage coefficients introduced in Houba and Kremers (2008) to provide an estimate of the cost of climate change in particular the cost of changes in mean regional temperature and precipitation to the fruit vegetation sector. We concentrate on the production of apples in the German ‘Alte Land’ region. The estimated cost of climate change on apple-growing in the ...

Optimal Brain Damage (OBD) is a method for reducing the number of weights in a neural network. OBD estimates the increase in cost function if weights are pruned and is a valid approximation if the learning algorithm has converged into a local minimum. On the other hand it is often desirable to terminate the learning process before a local minimum is reached (early stopping). In this paper we sh...

Short Abstract The purpose of this article is on the basis of theoretical researches and processing of statistical materials to develop a complex estimation technique of harmful emissions negative influence on a state of health of the population number of the treated patients, cost of treatment, the damage caused to health. The complex estimation of atmospheric air pollution by harmful emission...

Deployment of structural health monitoring systems for permanent damage detection is limited by the availability of sensor technology. The development of a DSP based prototype is the focus for initial efforts in realizing a fully self-contained active sensor system utilizing impedance-based structural health monitoring. The active sensing system interrogates a structure utilizing a self-sensing...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to simulate the cost-effectiveness and the long-term clinical performance of the Barostim neo System for the treatment of resistant hypertension when compared to optimal medical treatment. METHODS A decision analytic model with a combination of a decision tree and Markov process was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Barostim. The clinical effect...

The risks of fatal vehicle crash for young drivers rise precipitously with more drinking, reaching a 100-fold increase in risk for youths with 6+ drinks. Considerable external damage arises from drunk driving, providing firm logic for government intervention. If the 'cost' of an alcohol tax is the foregone consumer surplus of drinkers, then the cost per life saved using higher alcohol taxes is ...

Vast areas of land will require reclamation and reforestation following oil sands development in northeastern Alberta. Greenhouse-grown tree and shrub seedlings used in reforestation may be clipped or girdled by meadow voles, especially during periods of high population density. The impact of partial girdling, the most common form of damage, varies among species. Reduced survival rates in seedl...