This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dry period length (DPL) on survival rate, gender, growth performance, mortality Holstein calves. Data belonged 800 cows in different parities (2nd, 3rd and ≥4th) calves delivered by these cows. DPL were classified 5 categories (≤40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, ≥71 days). Calves weighed body dimensions (body length, wither height, hearth girth) at ...

BACKGROUND Thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is a specific and relatively sensitive method to diagnose bronchopneumonia (BP) in dairy calves. Unfortunately, as it requires specific training and equipment, veterinarians typically base their diagnosis on thoracic auscultation (AUSC), which is rapid and easy to perform. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that the use of TUS, in addition to AUSC,...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of citrus limon essential oil on nutrient digestibility, blood and ruminal metabolites in male holstein calves. this study were conducted using four male holstein calves, each fitted with a permanent rumen cannula (average body weight 650±20 kg) that received experimental diets including control with 600, 800 and 1000 mg/d le...

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of serum-derived immunoglobin (Ig) source and the effect of colostrum supplementation with serum-derived Ig on the attainment of passive immunity in newborn colostrum-deprived calves. In experiment 1, colostrum-deprived Holstein bull calves were fed pooled colostrum (PC, n = 9), spray-dried bovine serum (BS, n = 11), or spray- dried porci...

forty neonate calves were used in this study. the animals were divided into two treatment (n = 20) andcontrol (n = 20) groups. in the treatment group, oral iron as ferrous sulphate was supplemented to each calf atthe dose of 150 mg/day for 28 days, from the birthday. blood sampling was taken from jugular veinimmediately after birth and on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after birth. significant differenc...

Objective-To assess the effect of lameness on culling of dairy cows in Tehran province. DesignHistorical cohort study. Study population and procedures7067 firstand second-parity Holstein dairy cows that calved from March, 21 2007 to March, 2

this study was designed to determine the culling rates of 23 holstein dairy herds (with an average size of180 cows per herd) in neyshabur area in northeastern iran over a period of three years from 2001 to 2003.the average annual culling rate was 13.1%, (98.5% involuntary and 1.5% voluntary). of the total disposals(1612 cows), 53.48% were culled by the end of five years of age. poor fertility w...

• Metaphylactic antimicrobial treatment of weaned dairy calves immediately prior to movement from individual to group housing offers an opportunity to prevent bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in these high-risk animals. • The efficacy of DRAXXIN ® metaphylaxis in high-risk dairy calves was evaluated in 6 controlled research trials conducted in different regions of the US. • A single metaphylact...

BACKGROUND The diagnostic tools for bovine respiratory disease diagnosis include clinical inspection, thoracic auscultation, and ultrasonography. HYPOTHESIS Thoracic auscultation and clinical examination have limitations in the detection of lung consolidation in dairy calves. ANIMALS Prospective cohort of 106 preweaned calves from 13 different dairy herds (10 with a history of active bovine...