The hyporheic exchange (HE) is defined as the interaction between stream water and groundwater, where the stream water passes back and forth between the active channel and subsurface flow paths (Runkel, 1998). The zone of this exchange is characterized by saturated pore spaces, under sand or gravel stream beds (Hancock, 2002) and near the adjacent banks of the stream (Ryan, 2010), that contain ...

The network architecture of streams and rivers constrains evolutionary, demographic and ecological processes of freshwater organisms. This consistent architecture also makes stream networks useful for testing general models of population genetic structure and the scaling of gene flow. We examined genetic structure and gene flow in the facultatively paedomorphic Idaho giant salamander, Dicamptod...

This study is concerned with the prediction of particles’ velocity in a dilute turbulent gas-solidboundary layer flow using a fully Eulerian two-fluid model. The closures required for equationsdescribing the particulate phase are derived from the kinetic theory of granular flows. Gas phaseturbulence is modeled by one-equation model and solid phase turbulence by MLH theory. Resultsof one-way and...

introduction: bridges are certainly one of the most important structures but costly service elements in a transport system. the bridges are very required to access the damaged areas in emergency situations such as floods and earthquakes. scour around the foundations of bridge piers exposed to the flowing water than can destroy the bridge itself is a subject of major concern. flow pattern is kno...

–I developed a classification system for streams in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (UP) using a landscape-based approach that was originally developed for Lower Peninsula (LP) Michigan streams. Multiple linear regression, cluster analysis, and graphical techniques were used to examine stream attribute data (stream size, temperature, hydrology, gradient, water chemistry, valley type, fish community,...

 Abstract : The meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method with unity as the weighting function has been applied to the solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations. The Navier-Stokes equations in terms of the stream function and vorticity formulation together with the energy equation are solved for a driven cavity flow for moderate Reynolds numbers using different point distributions. The L2-...

Recently, social text streams (e.g., blogs, web forums, and emails) have become ubiquitous with the evolution of the web. In some sense, social text streams are sensors of the real world. Often, it is desirable to extract real world events from the social text streams. However, existing event detection research mainly focused only on the stream properties of social text streams but ignored the ...

Carbon sequestration strategies highlight tree plantations without considering their full environmental consequences. We combined field research, synthesis of more than 600 observations, and climate and economic modeling to document substantial losses in stream flow, and increased soil salinization and acidification, with afforestation. Plantations decreased stream flow by 227 millimeters per y...

We prove the existence of steady 2-dimensional flows, containing a bounded vortex, and approaching a uniform flow at infinity. The data prescribed is the rearrangement class of the vorticity field. The corresponding stream function satisfies a semilinear elliptic partial differential equation. The result is proved by maximizing the kinetic energy over all flows whose vorticity fields are rearra...