Much current research in photovoltaic technology is directed towards using “abundant” base metals like copper and zinc (e.g., CZTS or more recently CZTSSe) to overcome the the challenges of material scarcity posed by the use of tellurium, indium, germanium, and gallium in current generation products (e.g., CdTe, CIGS, aSi/thin-film Si). The supply of these materials is limited because they are ...

Solution processing of earth-abundant Cu2ZnSn(S1-x,Sex)4 (CZTSSe) absorber materials is an attractive research area in the economical and large-scale deployment of photovoltaics. Here, a band-gap-graded CZTSSe thin-film solar cell with 7.1% efficiency was developed using non-toxic solvent-based ink without the involvement of complex particle synthesis, highly toxic solvents, or organic additive...

Electrostatic Spray-Assisted Vapor Deposition (ESAVD) is a non-vacuum and cost-effective method to deposit metal oxide, various sulphide and chalcogenide at large scale. In this work, ESAVD was used to deposit Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 (CZTSSe) absorber. Different alkali metals like Na, Li and Rb were incorporated in CZTSSe compounds to further improve the photovoltaic performances of related devices. ...

We report an underpotential deposition (UPD) route of Cu2ZnSnS4/TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2-NTAs) in which the Kesterite (Cu2ZnSnS4) was employed as a sensitizer to enhance photoconversion efficiency TiO2-NTAs. Cu2ZnSnS4 simultaneously coated on TiO2-NTAs by depositing its constituent metals from precursor ions via electrochemical atomic layer (EC-ALD) and subsequent annealing. The detailed synt...

A four-terminal tandem structure based on the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell is a viable approach to achieve high efficiency. For this purpose, dual-junction configuration, consisting of experimental CIGS with record efficiency 23.35% as bottom and wide bandgap thin-film absorbers top cell, evaluated by modeling. Herein, effects luminescence efficiency, optical absorption, ban...