Progress in gas-turbine engine (GTE) manufacturing is continuously linked with a rise of operating temperature and stresses of engine gas path elements, especially the turbine parts. More advanced cooling systems, structural materials and thermal barrier coatings (TBC) and other coatings provide the required life and strength reliability of these components. While engines are in use, the necess...

Visual discrimination, categorical identification, and categorical rating measurements were made on sets of curved-line stimuli drawn from a theoretically uniform continuum with curvature parameter s. In Experiment 1, discriminability of pairs of curved lines separated by a constant distance on the s scale was measured at successive points along the scale. Curved lines were presented four at a ...

The concepts studied during Offset Stream Technology (OST) test were all designed to produce directional jet noise reduction in a separate flow engine configuration by redirecting the fan stream relative to the core stream, creating a thicker fan flow on one side of the jet. Previous studies, conducted at bypass ratios of five or less showed that lower noise levels would result on the thickened...

Aircraft on approach in high-drag and high-lift configuration create unsteady flow structures which inherently generate noise. For devices such as flaps, spoilers and the undercarriage there is a strong correlation between overall noise and drag such that, in the quest for quieter aircraft, one challenge is to generate drag at low noise levels. This paper presents a rigorous aero-acoustic asses...

Cardiac looping is a vital morphogenetic process that transforms the initially straight heart tube into a curved tube normally directed toward the right side of the embryo. While recent work has brought major advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular pathways involved in looping, the biophysical mechanisms that drive this process have remained poorly understood. This paper exam...