The relationship between attention and awareness and the processing of visual information outside of attention and awareness remain controversial issues. We employed the motion aftereffect (MAE) illusion and continuous flash suppression (CFS) to study the behavioral effects of unseen and unattended visual motion. The main finding was that either withdrawal of attention or the lack of visual awa...

298 Advocate George Bizos gave a University of the Witwatersrand audience some unpalatable food for thought in the ‘Ethics alive’ forum last month when he outlined the involvement of doctors, many of them Wits graduates, during the worst excesses by apartheid security police. The celebrated human rights lawyer, now 81, gave a moving address tracing the dramatic history of dual loyalties in Sout...

AIM To determine if impaired motion sensitivity is a significant predictor of subsequent field loss in glaucoma suspects. METHOD A population based prospective study; a 5 year follow up of all glaucoma suspects who had been identified from a population based random sample survey in the west of Ireland. 78 glaucoma suspects whose visual field function was annually measured by Henson CFS 2000 a...

We analyzed the plantar support in 72 normal-weight young voluntaries (46 women, 26 men), by a baropodometric platform. We considered subjects with claw foot (CFS) and subjects with normal foot (NFS). We found a significant reduction of total plantar support surface in the CFS (P < 0.0001 for women, P < 0.001 for men), due to the reduction of the forefoot and rear foot areas of both plantar imp...

When excised tendons are subjected to a prolonged load, whether constant or oscillatory, fatigue damage accumulates, leading eventually to rupture. 'Fatigue quality', assessed by the time-to-rupture under a given stress, was found to vary hugely among the tendons of a wallaby hind limb. This material property correlates with the varied stresses to which tendons from different anatomical sites a...

Wohlgemuth, having measured the duration of the motion aftereffect (MAE), instructed subjects to close their eyes immediately after adaptation for a period of time longer than the MAE. Upon opening their eyes the subjects reported a residual effect, albeit somewhat shorter than the original effect. Thus the decay of the aftereffect appeared to have been retarded by the period of darkness. This ...

Many athletes, coaches, and support staff are taking an increasingly scientific approach to both designing and monitoring training programs. Appropriate load monitoring can aid in determining whether an athlete is adapting to a training program and in minimizing the risk of developing non-functional overreaching, illness, and/or injury. In order to gain an understanding of the training load and...

Rural two-lane roads generally lack physical measures such as wide medians or barriers to separate opposing traffic flows. As a result, a major crash problem on these roads involves vehicles crossing the centerline and either sideswiping or striking the front ends of opposing vehicles. These types of opposing-direction crashes account for about 20% all fatal crashes on rural two-lane roads and ...

The importance of self-care in social workers is now widely recognized. Yet, little is known about the specific ways in which helping professionals can and do manage stress when faced with client suffering or trauma. This article explores cognitive coping strategies used by practitioners—tools that may serve to buffer them from vicarious trauma, thus preserving their dedication to the social wo...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the Psychological Injury Risk Indicator (PIRI) and to validate its psychometric properties. METHODS Workers from 24 small companies were invited to self-complete the PIRI before undergoing their routine medical examination at the workplace. All participants (841 out of 845, 99.6%) were also asked to report occupational injuries an...