A 28-year-old housewife was admitted to hospital in congestive cardiac failure but treatment with digitalis resulted in rapid improvement. She had a past history of attacks of winter bronchitis and rheumatic fever at 12 years of age. Clinical examination suggested that the underlying lesion was stenosis of the mitral valve, and one month later the patient was referred to a thoracic surgeon for ...

The notion of electric magnetic duality emerged already two decades ago in the attempts to formulate the Kähler geometry of the ”world of classical worlds”. Quite recently a considerable step of progress took place in the understanding of this notion. This concept leads to the identification of the physical particles as string like objects defined by magnetic charged wormhole throats connected ...

Patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) must undergo corrective surgeries during infancy and early childhood. Many patients with CLP undergo orthognathic surgery during their childhood for correction of skeletal asymmetries or pharyngoplasty with a pharyngeal flap to improve the quality of speech and velopharyngeal function. During orthognathic surgeries, nasotracheal intubation is performed u...

AR technology has been extensively used as an objective diagnostic tool for locating structural and functional abnormalities within the oral and pharyngeal cavities, and in a variety of clinical applications, including (1) locating site and severity of vocal tract obstructions for patients with sleep apnea [45,46]; (2) establishing degree of nasal airway abnormalities [47,48]; and (3) determini...

Thank you for your letter of June 23, 2017 regarding our manuscript entitled “Effects of lubrication on air-sealing performance of a pediatric cuffed tracheal tube” and valuable comments from the reviewers. According to the comment, we have conducted the additional experiments using 5 more tracheal tubes with ID 5.0 mm and we found that the results with the additional samples were very similar ...

BACKGROUND The Portex Soft Seal high-volume, low-pressure cuffed tracheal tube was compared with the Mallinckrodt HiLo, Sheridan Preformed and Portex Profile tracheal tubes for leakage of dye placed in the subglottic space of a pig's trachea which was used in a benchtop mechanical ventilation model and in six isolated pig tracheas. RESULTS There was no leakage, either in the ventilation model...

Pediatric airway management is a challenge in routine anesthesia practice. Any airway-related complication due to improper procedure can have catastrophic consequences in pediatric patients. The authors reviewed the current relevant literature using the following data bases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline (OVID SP), and Dynamed, and the following keywords: Airway/s, Children, Pediatric, Diffic...

Indications for internal closure of the larynx are the same as those set out by Smith, Spalding, Ardran, and Livingstone (1965) for laryngectomy in non-malignant conditions. There should be no prospect of recovery from the pharyngeal palsy which endangers the life of the patient from inhalation pneumonia. The advantage of closure of the larynx over laryngectomy is that it is only a mildly traum...

p0010 Vertebrates share several distinct morphological characters with three invertebrate groups: lancelets, tunicates, and hemichordates (Figure 6.1). Tunicates, lancelets, and vertebrates have traditionally been considered to be a monophyletic group—the chordates—that shares five morphologic features: a notochord, a dorsal neural tube, an endostyle, a muscular postanal tail, and pharyngeal gi...