Both acoustic and optical methods can be used for environmental monitoring of marine ranches. However, acoustic methods are more commonly used for underwater environmental surveillance. This paper presents the results of a study of the feasibility of using digital photography for monitoring the animals in an artificial reef. Animal monitoring studies enable us to characterize the behavior of aq...

The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of culture conditions and culture site on magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in freshwater fish. The study encompassed dorsal muscles in five fish species: common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) and Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri Brandt), northern pike (Esox lucius L.) and grass carp (Ctenopharyn...

The cellulose-rich walls that protect plant cells are difficult to digest, and therefore mechanical food processing is a key aspect of herbivory across vertebrates. Cell walls are typically broken down by translation of flattened teeth in the occlusal plane (i.e. grinding) as part of a complex, rhythmic chewing stroke. The grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, is a voracious, invasive herbivorou...

TWEAK and APRIL are important members of the TNF superfamily, which play a crucial role in several diseases. Here, we describe the identification of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) homologs of TWEAK and APRIL (designated gcTWEAK and gcAPRIL, respectively) and their response to Aeromonas hydrophila and Aquareovirus infection. The gcTWEAK cDNA sequence contains 2273 bases with an open readin...

The aim of the study has been to estimate the effect of culture conditions and a culture site on magnesium (Mg) concentrations in freshwater fish. The study encompassed tissues (blood) and organs (gills, liver, kidney, dorsal muscles) of five fish species: common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum), Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri Brandt), northern pike (Es...

Cellulose and xylan are the most common Non-Starch Polysaccharides (NSPs); they are available in plants and they exhibit anti-nutritional effects. The present study is intended to detect cellulose and xylan degrading autochthonous gut bacteria in Indian major carps (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, and Cirrhinus mrigala) and exotic carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and Cypr...

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) concentrations were determined in 55 samples of fish, shrimp, crabs, frogs and turtles collected in Jiangsu Province and 55 freshwater shrimp samples collected from the Huiming Fish Market, Nanjing, China between 2003 and 2004. PCP concentrations ranged from less than the method detection limit (MDL: 0.5 microg/kg ww) to 61 microg/kg ww, with a mean of 5.2 microg/kg ww i...

Benthic fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) were evaluated in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (G), silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (S), and bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis (B) polyculture systems, to which topmouth culter Erythroculter ilishaeformis (T), Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (P), or common carp Cyprinus carpio (C) were added. These systems, GSBT, G...

A field isolate of pike fry rhabdovirus (PFR-80560) isolated from roach was tested for pathogenicity in fry of roach Rutilus rutilus L., common carp Cyprinus carpio L., grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Richardson. The fish were experimentally exposed to the virus by immersion in a virus-seeded water-bath. We also compared the pathogenicity of...

Species distribution models are valuable tools in studies of biogeography, ecology, and climate change and have been used to inform conservation and ecosystem management. However, species distribution models typically incorporate only climatic variables and species presence data. Model development or validation rarely considers functional components of species traits or other types of biologica...