The primary clocks CS1, CS2 and CS3 of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) have contributed to the realization of International Atomic Time, TAI (Temps Atomique International), throughout 1999. Their operation, their performance and the uncertainty with which they realized the International System of Units (SI) second are described in some detail, together with the results and assoc...

Elektrofizyolojinin tarihsel sürecini konu aldığımız bu çalışmada Galvani sonrası erken dönem değerlendirilmiştir. Galvani’nin deneylerini onun ölümünden sonra da tekrarlayan Alessandro Volta, çalışmalarını “volta pili” olarak bilinen “sürekli akım kaynağı” buluşu ile taçlandırmıştır. Volta pili, “canlı elektriği” teorisinde tanımladığı doğal elektrik organını taklit edercesine, aralarında tuzl...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the major causes of infectious diarrhea in developing countries. In order to characterize the molecular features of human ETEC isolates from Korea, we investigated the profiles of enterotoxin and colonization factor (CF) genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with a total of 291 ETEC strains. The...

A cohort of 321 children was followed from birth up to 2 years of age to determine the incidence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in Bangladesh. The average number of diarrheal days and incidence rates were 6.6 and 2.3/child/year, respectively. ETEC was the most common pathogen and was isolated in 19.5% cases, with an incidence of 0.5 episode/child/year. The prevalence of rotavirus di...