Anomalous current-voltage (J-V) hysteresis in perovskite (PSK) solar cell is open to dispute, where hysteresis is argued to be due to electrode polarization, dipolar polarization, and/or native defects. However, a correlation between those factors and J-V hysteresis is hard to be directly evaluated because they usually coexist and are significantly varied depending on morphology and crystallini...

We report the development of a new technique to screen protein aggregation based on laser-probing spectroscopy with sub-picosecond resolution. Protein aggregation is an important topic for materials science, fundamental biology as well as clinical studies in neurodegenerative diseases and translation studies in biomaterials engineering. However, techniques to study protein aggregation and assem...

Poly(ethylene succinate) (PES), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and poly(hexylene succinate) (PHS), were synthesized using succinic acid and different dihydric alcohols as materials. Enzymatic degradability by cutinase of the three kinds of polyesters was studied, as well as their solid-state properties. The biodegradation behavior relied heavily on the distance between ester groups, crystallin...

BACKGROUND The Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index is associated with all-cause mortality in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is also associated with markers of inflammation and may thus reflect physiologic frailty. This analysis explores the association between physiologic frailty, as assessed by the VACS Index, and fragility fracture. METHODS HIV-infecte...

In this note, we prove that the alternating group A4 is a CI-group and that all disconnected Cayley graphs of A5 are CI-graphs. As a corollary, we conclude that there are exactly 22 non-isomorphic Cayley graphs of A4 • Let G be a finite group and set G# = G \ {I}. For a subset S ~ G# with S = S-l := {S-l Is E S}, the Cayley graph is the graph Cay(G, S) with vertex set G and with x and y adjacen...

BACKGROUND Guidelines suggest a plateau pressure (PPLAT) of 30 cm H(2)O or less for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but ventilation may still be injurious despite adhering to this guideline. The shape of the curve plotting airway pressure versus time (STRESS INDEX) may identify injurious ventilation. The authors assessed accuracy of PPLAT and STRESS INDEX to identify morpholo...

Hemicellulosic fractions were extracted from soybean hull with various concentrations of NaOH at 50 °C for 5 h. The chemical compositions and physicochemical properties were determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and C and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The crystallin...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used for assessment of structural differences of celluloses of various origins. Investigated celluloses were: bacterial celluloses cultured in presence of pectin and/or xyloglucan, as well as commercial celluloses and cellulose extracted from apple parenchyma. The crystallinity index (XC%) varied from 25 ...

Grafting method, through microwave radiation technique is very effective in terms of time consumption, cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness. Via this method, delignified Grewia optiva identified as a waste biomass, was graft copolymerized with methylmethacrylate (MMA) as an principal monomer in a binary mixture of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and ethyl acrylate (EA) under microwave irr...