We present photoluminescence studies of individual semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes at room and cryogenic temperatures. From the analysis of spatial and spectral features of nanotube photoluminescence, we identify characteristic signatures of unintentional exciton localization. Moreover, we quantify the energy scale of exciton localization potentials as ranging from a few to a few te...

Closed cycle He sorption refrigerators are an increasingly popular choice for remote cryogenic operations. The presence of a superfluid film on the inner walls of the evaporation pot limits their performance. We present a simple model of the gas, film, and heat flow in a He sorption refrigerator, taking into account the effects of an orifice to limit superfluid film flow. The model serves as a ...

In this paper we present a method for low signal S11 parameter vector measurements of a cryogenic device in the microwave frequency range. In particularly, the intermediate frequency (IF) impedance of MgB2 Hot-electron Bolometer (HEB) mixers was investigated over a frequency range of 100 MHz to 10 GHz. A new cryogenic calibration technique which employs the HEB as a calibration kit and two cons...

The CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) experiment projects to construct and operate an array of 1000 cryogenic thermal detectors of a mass of 760 g each to investigate rare events physics, in particular, double beta decay and non baryonic particle dark matter. A first step towards CUORE is CUORICINO, an array of 56 of such bolometers, currently being installed in the Gran...

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment uses germanium and silicon detectors cooled to cryogenic temperatures in a direct search for weakly-interacting massive particles in our Galaxy. The novel detectors allow a high degree of background rejection by discriminating between electron and nuclear recoils through the simultaneous measurement of the energy deposited in phonons (heat) and ioniza...

In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in a random distributed feedback fiber laser have been studied. Their sensitivities and resolutions as senso...

Cryogenic Germanium detectors are widely used in high energy physics and astrophysics – for example in direct dark matter searches (such as the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment), or in neutrino-less double-beta decay experiments (such as MAJORANA). Potential future applications include X-ray observations and measurements of coherent neutrino scattering. In all of these fields, increasing...

Theoretical study on dust dynamics under cryogenic environment in a complex plasma is presented. Expansion process and cooling process of highly charged dust particles in a plasma containing background ultracold neutral particles are studied. The processes are described by kinetic theory with Fokker-Planck collision term of the interaction between neutral particles and dust particles. Time evol...

Coulomb cluster of dust particles in an RF helium plasma under cryogenic environment is observed experimentally. Background neutral temperature is controlled by cryogenic liquid such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. Dust dynamics in a sheath is studied. A dust injected into a sheath moves toward an equilibrium position where the sheath electric force balances with the gravitational force. D...

The main limiting factor in spatial resolution of localization microscopy is the number of detected photons. Recently we showed that cryogenic measurements improve the photostability of fluorophores, giving access to Angstrom precision in localization of single molecules. Here, we extend this method to colocalize two fluorophores attached to well-defined positions of a double-stranded DNA. By m...